ReviewContinence (Amsterdam, Netherlands)2024
What do we really know about the external urethral sphincter?
Review in Continence (Amsterdam, Netherlands), 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
10 citing papers in PubMed.
- Human Muscle-Derived Cells Injected into Acute and Chronic Muscle Injuries Engraft and Support Regenerative Markers.Bioengineering (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Associations between urinary incontinence and physical activity in women: a cross-sectional survey in the UK.BMJ open · 2026Article
- Omental pedicle transposition for neuropathic stress urinary incontinence: a urodynamic evaluation.Open veterinary journal · 2026Article
- Improved Sphincter Muscle Regeneration by Myoblasts fromMedical sciences (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Role of capillary rarefaction in age-related changes of external urethral sphincter muscle of female mice.Cell and tissue research · 2025Article
- Intramural Blood Vessels as a Primary Site of Vascular LUTS.Lower urinary tract symptoms · 2025Review
- Guarding Reflex Inhibition Training Reduces Postoperative Urinary Retention After Urethral Bulking for Stress Urinary Incontinence: A Retrospective Single-Center Study.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Article
- Dynamic URP: Revisiting Urethral Retro-Resistance Pressure for Contemporary Sphincter-Targeted Therapy.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Exploring the connection between the hip and pelvic floor in women with exercise-induced urinary incontinence: integrating clinical hypotheses with current evidence.Journal of pelvic, obstetric and gynaecological physiotherapy · 2025Article
- Urethral pharmacological mechanisms incontinence and bladder emptying: An updated review.Bladder (San Francisco, Calif.) · 2024Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
Abstract
The external urethral sphincter (EUS), composed of skeletal muscle, along with a smooth muscle-lined internal urethral sphincter (IUS), have crucial roles in maintaining continence during bladder filling and facilitating urine flow during voiding. Disruption of this complex activity has profound consequences on normal lower urinary tract function during the micturition cycle. However, relatively little is known about the normal and pathological functions of these particular muscle types, how activity can be manipulated and regulated and why, for example, loss of EUS function and sarcopenia is associated with ageing. Here we discuss the unique physiological, biochemical and metabolic properties of striated and smooth muscle components of the urethral sphincter, which have distinct roles in maintaining continence during bladder filling. Relevant in vivo models for investigation of pathophysiological mechanisms, and for pre-clinical evaluation of therapeutic approaches are reviewed. Electromyography and Urethral Pressure Profile recordings are pivotal to understanding the function and dysfunction of the EUS and for clinical evaluation of e.g. urinary retention. Pre-clinical and clinical studies have revealed that age- or disease-related tissue remodelling that lead to filling/voiding disorders may be mitigated with emerging therapeutic approaches.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.