ArticleOphthalmology science
Virtual Reality Portable Perimetry and Home Monitoring of Glaucoma: Retention and Compliance over a 2-year Period.
Article in Ophthalmology science. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.
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Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed.
- Can digital perimetry deliver?Indian journal of ophthalmology · 2026Article
- Predicting Variability and Reliability in Visual Field Testing: Short- and Long-Term Approaches.Ophthalmology science · 2026Article
- Clinical Assessment of a Virtual Reality Perimeter Versus the Humphrey Field Analyzer: Comparative Reliability, Usability, and Prospective Applications.Vision (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Patient Comfort, Acceptance, and Tolerability of Virtual Reality (VR) Headsets with Real-Time Eye Tracking for Remote Visual Field Testing.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Article
- The Utility of Virtual Reality in Ophthalmology: A Review.Clinical ophthalmology (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2025Review
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Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Purpose: To evaluate long-term retention, compliance, and performance of glaucoma patients using a virtual reality portable perimeter to monitor visual fields (VFs) at home. Design: Prospective, longitudinal, cohort study. Subjects: Twenty-five glaucoma patients with stable and reliable VFs (average age 67.4 years) were recruited at Toronto Western Hospital, Ontario, Canada. Methods: Participants were instructed to perform bilateral home VF tests fortnightly for 2 years using the Toronto Portable Perimeter (TPP). Based on empirical home monitoring data, simulation analyses were conducted to evaluate the progression detection performance of high-frequency TPP testing. Main Outcome Measures: Retention rates were calculated as the percentage of participants who performed ≥1 home VF test. Compliance rates measured the percentage of participants adhering to the recommended test frequency of every 2-month period. Visual field indices, test reliability, intertest variability, and the precision of estimating progression rate with TPP were compared to those with the Humphrey Field Analyzer (HFA). After 6 months, participants completed a questionnaire to evaluate their experiences and preferences. The years required to detect progression were also compared between HFA and TPP tests. Results: Eighteen of the 25 participants (72%) completed ≥1 unsupervised VF test at home, with an average test frequency of 1.6 tests/month. Compliance decreased as the monitoring duration progressed, dropping from 83% (initial 2 months) to 11% (final 2 months). Unfamiliarity with technology and time constraints were identified as the main barriers to regular testing. Visual field indices of TPP home tests were strongly correlated with clinical results ( Conclusions: Despite the small sample size, our study demonstrated that glaucoma patients could reliably perform VF tests at home over a 2-year period. However, issues with retention rate and compliance with long-term VF monitoring were observed in some participants. Nevertheless, high-quality VF data from home tests can provide supplementary information to improve the timely detection of VF progression. Financial Disclosures: The author(s) have no proprietary or commercial interest in any materials discussed in this article.
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