Observational studyOtolaryngology--head and neck surgery : official journal of American Academy of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery2025
The Prevalence of Central Sleep Apnea in New Referrals to a Sleep Surgery Clinic.
Observational study in Otolaryngology--head and neck surgery : official journal of American Academy of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
objectiveSurgical treatment of non-obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) pathology poses the risk of inappropriate surgical indications. Herein, we sought to determine the prevalence of non-OSA respiratory disorders, specifically central sleep apnea (CSA), in new referrals to a Sleep Surgery Clinic. STUDY
designProspective observational review.
settingTertiary care academic medical center.
methodsIn a sleep surgery clinic cohort, the presence of clinically significant CSA was defined as having >25% of the total apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) being central and/or mixed events. Demographics, comorbid disorders, patient-reported outcome measurements, and sleep study results were compared among patients using linear or logistic regression analysis, unadjusted and adjusted for age, sex, and body mass index (BMI).
resultsOn average, the cohort (n = 295) was male (74%), middle-aged (mean [±SD] 54.2 ± 13.9 years), and overweight (BMI 30.3 ± 5.4), with severe sleep apnea (AHI 30.6 ± 22.6 events/h). Twenty-nine patients (9.8%) were found to have clinically significant CSA yet only 10% of these cases carried a diagnosis of CSA upon presentation. The remainder were identified by reviewing the pre-visit sleep study tables (35%), raw data (17%), and tables and raw data of a repeat post-visit study (38%). Patients with CSA were older and had evidence of more cardiac comorbidities.
conclusionThe prevalence of CSA in new referrals to a Sleep Surgery Clinic was nearly 1 in 10 despite only 1% (3 of 295) with a known diagnosis upon presentation. Sleep surgeons must remain vigilant for patients with occult CSA, especially in older patients with a history of significant cardiovascular disease.
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