Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39661980›Full record

ArticleJMIR infodemiology2024

Uncovering the Top Nonadvertising Weight Loss Websites on Google: A Data-Mining Approach.

Carlos A Almenara, Hayriye Gulec

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in JMIR infodemiology, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors.

Carlos A Almenara *School of Health Sciences, Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas, Lima, Peru.ORCID 0000-0002-4929-8720
Hayriye Gulec *Interdisciplinary Research Team on Internet and Society, Faculty of Social Studies, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic.ORCID 0000-0001-9410-430X

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundOnline weight loss information is commonly sought by internet users, and it may impact their health decisions and behaviors. Previous studies examined a limited number of Google search queries and relied on manual approaches to retrieve online weight loss websites.

objectiveThis study aimed to identify and describe the characteristics of the top weight loss websites on Google.

methodsThis study gathered 432 Google search queries collected from Google autocomplete suggestions, "People Also Ask" featured questions, and Google Trends data. A data-mining software tool was developed to retrieve the search results automatically, setting English and the United States as the default criteria for language and location, respectively. Domain classification and evaluation technologies were used to categorize the websites according to their content and determine their risk of cyberattack. In addition, the top 5 most frequent websites in nonadvertising (ie, nonsponsored) search results were inspected for quality.

resultsThe results revealed that the top 5 nonadvertising websites were healthline.com, webmd.com, verywellfit.com, mayoclinic.org, and womenshealthmag.com. All provided accuracy statements and author credentials. The domain categorization taxonomy yielded a total of 101 unique categories. After grouping the websites that appeared less than 5 times, the most frequent categories involved "Health" (104/623, 16.69%), "Personal Pages and Blogs" (91/623, 14.61%), "Nutrition and Diet" (48/623, 7.7%), and "Exercise" (34/623, 5.46%). The risk of being a victim of a cyberattack was low.

conclusionsThe findings suggested that while quality information is accessible, users may still encounter less reliable content among various online resources. Therefore, better tools and methods are needed to guide users toward trustworthy weight loss information.

Indexed as

Data MiningInternetWeight LossHumansSearch EngineUnited Statesconsumer health informaticscyberattack riskdata miningdigital healthGoogleinformation seekinginternet searchonline health informationwebsite analysisweight loss

Identifiers

PMID39661980
PMCPMC11669867

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.