Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39660636›Full record

ArticleJournal of evaluation in clinical practice2025

Defining Mental Health Conditions Within Primary Care Data: A Validation Study With a Mixed Qualitative and Quantitative Approach.

Juan Carlos Bazo-Alvarez, Christina Avgerinou, Danielle Nimmons, Joseph F Hayes, David Osborn, Claudia Cooper, Kate Walters, Irene Petersen

Abstract readValidation Study
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of evaluation in clinical practice, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Juan Carlos Bazo-AlvarezResearch Department of Primary Care and Population Health, University College London (UCL), London, UK.ORCID 0000-0002-6169-8049
Christina AvgerinouResearch Department of Primary Care and Population Health, University College London (UCL), London, UK.
Danielle NimmonsResearch Department of Primary Care and Population Health, University College London (UCL), London, UK.
Joseph F HayesDivision of Psychiatry, University College London (UCL), London, UK.
David OsbornDivision of Psychiatry, University College London (UCL), London, UK.
Claudia CooperWolfson Institute of Population Health, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK.
Kate WaltersResearch Department of Primary Care and Population Health, University College London (UCL), London, UK.
Irene PetersenResearch Department of Primary Care and Population Health, University College London (UCL), London, UK.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectivesTo validate codelists for defining a range of mental health (MH) conditions with primary care data, using a mixed qualitative and quantitative approach and without requiring external data.

methodsWe validated Read codelists, selecting and classifying them in three steps. The qualitative step included an in-depth revision of the codes by six doctors. Simultaneously, the quantitative step performed on UK primary care data included an exploratory factor analysis to cluster Read codes in MH conditions to obtain an independent classification. The statistical results informed the qualitative conclusions, generating a final selection and classification.

resultsFrom a preselected list of 2007 Read codes, a total of 1638 were selected by all doctors. Later, they agreed on classifying these codes into 12 categories of MH disorders. From the same preselected list, a total of 1364 were quantitatively selected. Using data from 497,649 persons who used these Read codes at least once, we performed the exploratory factor analysis, retaining five factors (five categories). Both classifications showed good correspondence, while discrepancies informed decisions on reclassification.

conclusionsWe produced a comprehensive set of medical codes lists for 12 MH conditions validated by a combination of clinical consensus panel and quantitative cluster analysis with cross-validation.

Indexed as

Mental DisordersPrimary Health CareCluster AnalysisFactor Analysis, StatisticalFemaleHumansInternational Classification of DiseasesMaleMental HealthQualitative ResearchReproducibility of ResultsUnited Kingdomcodelistelectronic health recordsmental healthprimary careRead codesvalidation

Identifiers

PMID39660636
PMCPMC11632910

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.