ArticlePNAS nexus2024
Disagreement on foundational principles of biological aging.
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Article in PNAS nexus, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 34 papers.
0numbers the graph read from it
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34citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
34 citing papers in PubMed.
- Measuring and increasing the brain health span across adulthood: a public health imperative.Scientific reports · 2026Trial
- An integrated resource for systems-level analysis of aging hallmarks and associated genes.Biogerontology · 2026Article
- Enhanced chromatin compaction is associated with de novo expression of a nuclear microprotein, global loss of H3 acetylation and local transcriptional changes in retinal rod photoreceptors.Research square · 2026Article
- An aging essential 8: closing the gap between geroscience and the public it serves.Biogerontology · 2026Review
- Embracing non-linearity in human ageing.Nature reviews. Genetics · 2026Review
- Article
- Impact of older donor age in kidney transplants in a biopsy-based observational study.JCI insight · 2026Observational
- Hyperspectral imaging and healthy aging: an observational study using hand skin as surface for monitoring healthy aging processes.Biogerontology · 2026Observational
- Social determinants of health and epigenetic clocks: a systematic review and meta-analysis of 140 studies.Nature human behaviour · 2026Article
- Clashing Perspectives? Two Approaches to the Desirability of Biological Aging.Health care analysis : HCA : journal of health philosophy and policy · 2026Article
- Probing buccal-customized epigenetic clocks to investigate socioeconomic and health disparities.GeroScience · 2026Article
- Open problems in ageing science: a roadmap for biogerontology.GeroScience · 2026Review
- Cellular senescence as a therapeutic target for aging intervention.Biomedical journal · 2026Review
- Proteomic aging clocks in epidemiological studies: advances, applications and prospects.Nature aging · 2026Review
- Genome-Wide DNA Methylation Patterns Predict Age in the Zebra Shark (Stegostoma tigrinum) and Provide Insight Into the Evolution of Vertebrate Aging.Molecular ecology · 2026Article
- Shoulder Complex Dysfunction Through an Evolutionary Lens: The Need for Closed Kinetic Chain Loading in Upper Extremity Program Design.Journal of functional morphology and kinesiology · 2026Review
- Article
- Brain Age in Adult Patients With Early-Treated Phenylketonuria.Journal of inherited metabolic disease · 2026Article
- Mechanistic redundancy and hierarchy of aging mechanisms: implications for strategies to extend healthspan and biomarker integration.Frontiers in aging · 2026Review
- Aging as Entropy: A Quantifiable Framework.Endocrinology and metabolism (Seoul, Korea) · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
81 authors.
Vadim N GladyshevDivision of Genetics, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0372-7016
Benjamin AndersonArticulate Ventures, St Louis, MO 63124, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6213-1872
Hanna BarlitDepartment of Dermatology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA.
Benjamin BarréDivision of Genetics, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3649-612X
Samuel BeckDepartment of Dermatology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0184-8367
Bahareh BehrouzVincere Biosciences Inc., Cambridge, MA 02142, USA.
Daniel W BelskyDepartment of Epidemiology, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, New York, NY 10032, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5463-2212
Amandine ChaixDepartment of Nutrition and Integrative Physiology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7007-197X
Manish ChamoliBuck Institute for Research on Aging, Novato, CA 94945, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0339-7894
Brian H ChenCalifornia Pacific Medical Center Research Institute, Sutter Health, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA.
Kaiyang ChengUniversity of California-Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.
Jane ChuprinUniversity of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA 01655, USA.
Gary A ChurchillThe Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, ME 04609, USA.
Andrea CiprianoStanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0775-3198
Alex ColvilleStanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
Joris DeelenMax Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, Cologne 50931, Germany.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4483-3701
Yuri DeiginYouthBio Therapeutics Inc., Seattle, WA, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3397-5811
KeHuan K EdmondsBroad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7317-2669
Bradley W EnglishDivision of Genetics, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5957-3063
Ruogu FangJ. Crayton Pruitt Family Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3980-3532
Michael FloreaHarvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5162-5885
Iosif M GershteynImmuVia Inc and Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7921-1369
Diljeet GillAltos Labs Cambridge Institute of Science, Cambridge, CB21 6GP, United Kingdom.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5725-2466
Laura H GoetzNet/Bio, Inc., Beverly Hills, CA 90212, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0061-4769
Vera GorbunovaDepartments of Biology and Medicine, University of Rochester, Hutchison Hall, Rochester, NY 14627, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8979-0333
Patrick T GriffinHarvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
Steve HorvathAltos Labs, Cambridge, United Kingdom.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4110-3589
Martin Borch JensenGordian Biotechnology, San Francisco, CA, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8875-0345
Xin JinThe Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2344-992X
Sara JovanovskaUtrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0008-0349-2932
Kathrin M KajderowiczMassachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
Tomoko KasaharaTohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8577, Japan.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4109-2362
Csaba KerepesiInstitute for Computer Science and Control (SZTAKI), Hungarian Research Network (HUN-REN), Budapest, Hungary.
Subhash KulkarniDepartment of Medicine, Center for Neurogastroenterology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.
Vyacheslav M LabunskyyDepartment of Dermatology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9317-1076
Morgan E LevineAltos Labs, Cambridge, United Kingdom.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9890-9324
Sergiy LibertCalico Life Sciences LLC, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2497-5390
J Yuyang LuAltos Labs, Cambridge, United Kingdom.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3170-5655
Yuancheng Ryan LuMassachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5982-3963
Riccardo E MarioniCentre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH4 2XU, United Kingdom.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4430-4260
Brianah M McCoySchool of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85281, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1988-3248
Wayne MitchellDivision of Genetics, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0871-2080
Mahdi MoqriDivision of Genetics, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6675-0566
Farzaneh NasirianNortheastern University, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
Peter NiimiAltos Labs, Cambridge, United Kingdom.
Hamilton Se-Hwee OhStanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
Brian OkundayeTexas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA.
Andrey A ParkhitkoAging Institute of UPMC and the University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15219, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9852-8329
Leonid PeshkinDepartment of Systems Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115 USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6420-848X
Mia PetljakLaura and Isaac Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY 10016, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8361-5390
Jesse R PoganikDivision of Genetics, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3098-8550
Glen PridhamDalhousie University, Halifax, NS B3H 4R2, Canada.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9450-0396
Daniel E L PromislowJean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Tufts University, Boston MA 02111, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7088-4495
Weronika PrusiszTecra Space.
Margaux QuiniouBrain Research Institute, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0006-5355-9950
Ken RajAltos Labs Cambridge Institute of Science, Cambridge, CB21 6GP, United Kingdom.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3744-265X
Daniel RichardHarvard University, Cambridge MA 02138, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8568-9473
Jose Luis RiconRetro Biosciences, Redwood City, CA, USA.
Jarod RutledgeStanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7790-2801
Morten Scheibye-KnudsenDepartment of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Center for Healthy Aging, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Nicholas J SchorkThe Translational Genomics Research Institute, Phoenix, AZ, USA.
Andrei SeluanovDepartments of Biology and Medicine, University of Rochester, Hutchison Hall, Rochester, NY 14627, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3400-538X
Michael ShadpourMassachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0000-4127-3927
Anastasia V ShindyapinaRetro Biosciences, Redwood City, CA, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7336-3086
Steven R ShukenHarvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
Sruthi SivakumarRetro Biosciences, Redwood City, CA, USA.
Thomas StoegerDivision of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5540-4278
Ayumu SugiuraJuntendo University, Bunkyo City, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4776-1478
Nadia R SuttonDepartment of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0968-3085
Alexander SuvorovDepartment of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health and Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA 01003, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2757-5897
Andrei E TarkhovRetro Biosciences, Redwood City, CA, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3350-4785
Emma C TeelingSchool of Biology and Environmental Science, University College Dublin, Belfield Dublin 4, Ireland.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3309-1346
Alexandre TrappRetro Biosciences, Redwood City, CA, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7938-0410
Alexander TyshkovskiyDivision of Genetics, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6215-190X
Maximilian UnfriedDepartment of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8660-1576
Cavin K Ward-CavinessCenter for Public Health and Environmental Assessment, US Environmental Protection Agency, Chapel Hill, NC 27514, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6322-4349
Sun Hee YimTexas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8050-5775
Kejun YingDivision of Genetics, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1791-6176
Jeffrey YunesYunes Foundation for Research on Aging, Portsmouth, NH 03801, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1869-3231
Bohan ZhangDivision of Genetics, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
Alex ZhavoronkovInsilico Medicine, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7067-8966
Funding
The role of hyaluronan in longevity and cancer resistance of longest-lived rodentP01AG047200 · NIA · UNIVERSITY OF ROCHESTER · PI Vera Gorbunova · 2014 to 2026
$36.9MThe role of SIRT6 posttranslational modifications in aging and genome stability. Supplement: Testing SIRT6 activators as potential Alzheimer's disease therapy.R01AG027237 · NIA · UNIVERSITY OF ROCHESTER · PI Vera Gorbunova · 2006 to 2026
$6.2MRegulation of epigenome stability by SIRT6 during aging. Supplement: Does centenarian variant of SIRT6 or bowhead whale SIRT6 confer protection from Alzheimer's disease?R37AG046320 · NIA · UNIVERSITY OF ROCHESTER · PI Andrei Seluanov · 2019 to 2026
$4.7MMolecular mechanisms of translational regulation in agingR01AG058713 · NIA · BOSTON UNIVERSITY MEDICAL CAMPUS · PI LABUNSKYY, VYACHESLAV M · 2019 to 2023
$2.9MRegulation of genome stability by SITR6R01AG046320 · NIA · UNIVERSITY OF ROCHESTER · PI SELUANOV, ANDREI · 2014 to 2018
$1.9MEctonucleotidase modulation of age-dependent vascular calcification and stiffnessK76AG064426 · NIA · VANDERBILT UNIVERSITY MEDICAL CENTER · PI SUTTON, NADIA RAZAQ · 2020 to 2024
$1.2MReverse Engineering of Cell SenescenceR56AG073341 · NIA · HARVARD MEDICAL SCHOOL · PI KIRSCHNER, MARC WALLACE, PESHKIN, LEON · 2021 to 2021
$347kThe role of iron homeostasis in agingR56AG066704 · NIA · BOSTON UNIVERSITY MEDICAL CAMPUS · PI LABUNSKYY, VYACHESLAV M · 2021 to 2021
$338kNIA NIH HHS K76 AG064426NIA NIH HHS P01 AG047200NIA NIH HHS R01 AG027237NIA NIH HHS R01 AG046320NIA NIH HHS R01 AG058713NIA NIH HHS R37 AG046320NIA NIH HHS R56 AG066704NIA NIH HHS R56 AG073341
Abstract
To gain insight into how researchers of aging perceive the process they study, we conducted a survey among experts in the field. While highlighting some common features of aging, the survey exposed broad disagreement on the foundational issues. What is aging? What causes it? When does it begin? What constitutes rejuvenation? Not only was there no consensus on these and other core questions, but none of the questions received a majority opinion-even regarding the need for consensus itself. Despite many researchers believing they understand aging, their understanding diverges considerably. Importantly, as different processes are labeled as "aging" by researchers, different experimental approaches are prioritized. The survey shed light on the need to better define which aging processes this field should target and what its goals are. It also allowed us to categorize contemporary views on aging and rejuvenation, revealing critical, yet largely unanswered, questions that appear disconnected from the current research focus. Finally, we discuss ways to address the disagreement, which we hope will ultimately aid progress in the field.
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