Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39658769›Full record

ArticleJournal of religion and health2025

Spiritual Entrepreneurship Orientation Scale: Psychometric Evaluation and Validity-Reliability Analyses.

Yusuf Taha Okan

Abstract readValidation Study
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of religion and health, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

1 author.

Yusuf Taha OkanDepartment of Vocational School of Social Sciences, Management and Organisation, Harran University, Şanlıurfa, Turkey. ytokan@harran.edu.tr.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7513-9790

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

This study aims to develop the "Spiritual Entrepreneurship Orientation Scale" to explore how entrepreneurs incorporate spiritual values and social responsibilities into their business activities. The objective is to create a tool that accurately measures how entrepreneurs integrate spiritual values into their decisions, their understanding of purposeful entrepreneurship and their awareness of spiritual resilience and social responsibility. The study proceeded in three phases: a literature review, expert consultation and preliminary testing to ensure content validity. The exploratory factor analysis identified four main dimensions: spiritual values, purposefulness, spiritual resilience and social responsibility. Confirmatory factor analysis confirmed the structure, with fit indices (RMSEA = 0.077, CFI = 0.935) clearly demonstrating a good model fit. Reliability tests showed high internal consistency (Cronbach's Alpha = 0.952), confirming the scale's validity and reliability. Previous studies have shown that entrepreneurs' perceptions of spiritual values and social responsibility significantly influence their business decisions. The "Spiritual Entrepreneurship Orientation Scale" is the recommended tool for use in entrepreneurship research.

Indexed as

EntrepreneurshipPsychometricsSpiritualityAdultFactor Analysis, StatisticalFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedReproducibility of ResultsSocial ResponsibilitySurveys and QuestionnairesYoung AdultPurposefulnessScale developmentSocial responsibilitySpiritual entrepreneurshipSpiritual resilienceSpiritual values

Identifiers

PMID39658769

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.