Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39658604›Full record

ReviewPediatric research2025

Fundamentals of DNA methylation in development.

Caitlyn A Gillespie, Amrin Chowdhury, Katie A Quinn, Michael W Jenkins, Andrew M Rollins, Michiko Watanabe, Stephanie M Ford

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Pediatric research, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
6citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

6 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
  2. DNA Methylation Dynamics inBiomolecules · 2026
    Article
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Review
  6. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Caitlyn A Gillespie *Department of Pediatrics, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA.
Amrin Chowdhury *Department of Pediatrics, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA.
Katie A Quinn *Department of Pediatrics, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA.
Michael W JenkinsDepartment of Pediatrics, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA.
Andrew M RollinsDepartment of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA.
Michiko WatanabeDepartment of Pediatrics, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA.
Stephanie M FordDepartment of Pediatrics, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA. Stephanie.Ford@uhhospitals.org.

Funding

Optical Tools to Assess the Role of Hemodynamics in the Development of Congenital Heart DefectsR01HL126747 · NHLBI · CASE WESTERN RESERVE UNIVERSITY · PI JENKINS, MICHAEL W. · 2015 to 2025
$6.4M
5 D impulse mapping in the embryonic heartR01HL167159 · NHLBI · CASE WESTERN RESERVE UNIVERSITY · PI ANDREW Martin ROLLINS · 2023 to 2026
$2.7M
Identifying and protecting alcohol-sensitive epigenetic changes in congenital heart diseaseK08AA028845 · NIAAA · CASE WESTERN RESERVE UNIVERSITY · PI FORD, STEPHANIE MARIE · 2021 to 2025
$960k
NHLBI NIH HHS R01 HL126747NHLBI NIH HHS R01 HL167159NIAAA NIH HHS K08 AA028845
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

DNA methyation is critical to regulation of gene expression especially during developmentally dynamic changes. A large proportion occurs at CpG (a cytosine followed by a guanine nucleotide) sites and impacts gene expression based on location, timing and level of DNA methylation. The spectrum of effects produced by DNA methylation ranges from inhibition to enhancement of gene expression. Here basic terms and concepts in the study of DNA methylation are introduced. In addition, some of the commonly used techniques to assay DNA methylation are explained. New methods that allow the precise addition and removal of DNA methylation at specific sites will likely enhance our understanding of DNA methylation in development and may even lead to long-lasting therapeutic strategies to cure diseases. IMPACT: Fundamentals of DNA methylation including its significance are made accessible to a broad audience. Common assays for detecting DNA methylation are explained succinctly. Developmental patterns of DNA methylation detected in commonly used animal models are discussed and explained. Novel methodologies to investigate consequences of DNA methylation and demethylation are introduced.

Indexed as

DNA MethylationGene Expression Regulation, DevelopmentalAnimalsCpG IslandsEpigenesis, GeneticHumans

Identifiers

PMID39658604
PMCPMC12955732

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.