ArticleClinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America2025
The Effects of Prescribed Medications on Depressive Symptoms and Neurocognitive Performance in People With HIV.
Article in Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.
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Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed.
- Early bedside risk stratification using Charlson comorbidity index and NEWS2 in adults hospitalized with respiratory syncytial virus infection: a multicentre cohort study.European journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases : official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology · 2026Article
- Need for Medication Review and Deprescribing in People Living with HIV: A Longitudinal Observational Study.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Reply to: Comment on revisiting the association between anticholinergic burden and frailty in people with HIV.British journal of clinical pharmacology · 2026Article
- Cognitive and fine motor performance in people above 65 years of age with and without HIV.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Update on neurological complications of HIV.Current opinion in HIV and AIDS · 2025Review
- Article
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Authors and funding
14 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundAlterations in brain function and structure, such as depression and neurocognitive impairment, continue to occur in people with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV, PWH) taking suppressive antiretroviral therapy (ART). The lifespan of PWH has improved but the healthspan remains worse than people without HIV, in part because of aging-related diseases. As a result, polypharmacy is common and increases the risk of drug-drug interactions and adverse reactions.
methodsThis cross-sectional project investigated the relationship between 7 medication-related metrics (including anticholinergic burden), depressive symptoms, and neurocognitive performance in 491 PWH at a single center in the United States. All participants were taking ART and had plasma HIV RNA ≤ 200 copies/mL.
resultsParticipants had taken ART for a mean of 6.5 years, and most (57.6%) had CD4+ T-cells >500/µL. All 7 medication-related metrics were associated with worse global neurocognitive performance (P value <.0001 to .0087). Multivariable models confirmed that higher anticholinergic burden (P = .040) and use of benzodiazepines (P = .033), antidepressants (P = .0011), and more total medications (P = .059) were associated with more depressive symptoms (model P < .0001). Use of benzodiazepines (P = .0024) and opiates (P = .043) along with higher anticholinergic burden (P = .066) were also associated with worse neurocognitive performance. Benzodiazepine use was associated with worse performance in all domains and opiate use was associated with worse performance in processing speed, motor function, executive function, and working memory.
conclusionsUse of benzodiazepines, opiates, and anticholinergic drugs contribute to cognitive and mood disorders in PWH. When possible, modifying or deprescribing medications may be beneficial.
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