SynthesisJournal of general internal medicine2025
The State of Medical Education on Criminal Justice Health: A Systematic Review.
Synthesis in Journal of general internal medicine, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed.
- Introducing Residents to Advocacy for Aging Incarcerated People: A Compassionate Release Pilot Elective.Journal of the American Geriatrics Society · 2026Article
- Medical Student Reflections on a Prison Psychiatric Experience: A Qualitative Analysis.Academic psychiatry : the journal of the American Association of Directors of Psychiatric Residency Training and the Association for Academic Psychiatry · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundThe justice-involved population faces significant health disparities yet is often overlooked in medical education, resulting in medical providers having limited preparation to serve this community. The objective of this study is to understand the scope and context of medical education in correctional healthcare.
methodsLiterature was systematically reviewed for curriculum on correctional healthcare aimed at undergraduate or graduate medical learners in U.S. educational institutions. The search strategy was developed with the guidance of a medical research librarian and included five literature databases, which were analyzed by two data analysts. The risk of bias was assessed using the appropriate Critical Appraisal Skills Programme checklists.
resultsOur search identified 49 studies highlighting 95 unique curricula. Curricula were evenly split between the undergraduate (n = 44) and graduate (n = 50) level. The two most represented specialties were psychiatry (n = 43) and general medicine (n = 30). Educational modalities included clinical rotation (n = 48), didactics (n = 14), or a combination (n = 28). Curricula increased knowledge in correctional and specialty-specific medicine and improved attitudes towards justice-involved patients; however, there was no significant effect on plans to work with the justice-involved population. Common themes of curricula included treating justice-involved patients with respect (n = 23), structure and function of the legal system (n = 20), and career recruitment (n = 16). DISCUSSION: There is limited education on the care of the justice-involved population and most learners are unlikely to experience education on this population during their training despite the extensive and unique health and psycho-social needs of this population. Quality of education remains variable and challenging to assess due to limited outcome data and the low quality of literature; however, our thorough search strategy and standardized approach allow for a complete and accurate representation of the literature. SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION NUMBER: Registration number CRD42023427470.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.