Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39654835›Full record

SynthesisFrontiers in veterinary science2024

Risk factors associated with human echinococcosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Fahmi H Kakamad, Khanda A Anwar, Harem K Ahmed, Imad J Habibullah, Hemn H Kaka Ali, Hawkar A Nasralla, Hiwa O Abdullah, Soran H Tahir, Honar O Kareem, Ali H Hasan and 7 more

Abstract readSystematic Review
In one paragraph

Synthesis in Frontiers in veterinary science, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
14citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

14 citing papers in PubMed.

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  12. Comparative analysis of radiological and serological methods for diagnosis of cystic echinococcosis.Revista brasileira de parasitologia veterinaria = Brazilian journal of veterinary parasitology : Orgao Oficial do Colegio Brasileiro de Parasitologia Veterinaria · 2025
    Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

17 authors.

Fahmi H KakamadScientific Affairs Department, Smart Health Tower, Madam Mitterrand Street, Sulaymaniyah, Iraq.
Khanda A AnwarScientific Affairs Department, Smart Health Tower, Madam Mitterrand Street, Sulaymaniyah, Iraq.
Harem K AhmedScientific Affairs Department, Smart Health Tower, Madam Mitterrand Street, Sulaymaniyah, Iraq.
Imad J HabibullahScientific Affairs Department, Smart Health Tower, Madam Mitterrand Street, Sulaymaniyah, Iraq.
Hemn H Kaka AliScientific Affairs Department, Smart Health Tower, Madam Mitterrand Street, Sulaymaniyah, Iraq.
Hawkar A NasrallaScientific Affairs Department, Smart Health Tower, Madam Mitterrand Street, Sulaymaniyah, Iraq.
Hiwa O AbdullahScientific Affairs Department, Smart Health Tower, Madam Mitterrand Street, Sulaymaniyah, Iraq.
Soran H TahirScientific Affairs Department, Smart Health Tower, Madam Mitterrand Street, Sulaymaniyah, Iraq.
Honar O KareemScientific Affairs Department, Smart Health Tower, Madam Mitterrand Street, Sulaymaniyah, Iraq.
Ali H HasanScientific Affairs Department, Smart Health Tower, Madam Mitterrand Street, Sulaymaniyah, Iraq.
Dana T GharibScientific Affairs Department, Smart Health Tower, Madam Mitterrand Street, Sulaymaniyah, Iraq.
Hoshmand R AsaadScientific Affairs Department, Smart Health Tower, Madam Mitterrand Street, Sulaymaniyah, Iraq.
Ayoob A MohammedScientific Affairs Department, Smart Health Tower, Madam Mitterrand Street, Sulaymaniyah, Iraq.
Berun A AbdallaScientific Affairs Department, Smart Health Tower, Madam Mitterrand Street, Sulaymaniyah, Iraq.
Deari A EsmaeilScientific Affairs Department, Smart Health Tower, Madam Mitterrand Street, Sulaymaniyah, Iraq.
Rezheen J RashidScientific Affairs Department, Smart Health Tower, Madam Mitterrand Street, Sulaymaniyah, Iraq.
Karokh F HamahusseinScientific Affairs Department, Smart Health Tower, Madam Mitterrand Street, Sulaymaniyah, Iraq.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Introduction: Echinococcosis is a widespread zoonotic disease caused by tapeworms of the Echinococcus genus, manifesting in mature or larval forms. Cystic echinococcosis (CE) and alveolar echinococcosis (AE) are the primary types affecting humans, linked, respectively, to Methods: Relevant English publications were found through a thorough search of eligible databases. The inclusion criteria focused on cross-sectional and case-control studies investigating risk factors for human echinococcosis. Collected data included author, country, study design, demographics, sample size, literacy, occupation, drinking water source, dog ownership, and hand hygiene. Results: A total of 1,594 studies were found in the initial search, with only 36 papers (involving 1,207,436 cases) meeting the inclusion criteria. Most of the study population (99.35%) showed no echinococcosis infection, while 0.65% were infected. Of the infected cases, 77.92% had CE, while 22.08% had AE. Among 629,996 (52.18%) females, 4,830 (0.76%) were infected, compared to 2,968 (0.52%) infections among 565,872 (46.86%) males ( Conclusion: Echinococcosis remains a global health concern, particularly among rural residents, those with lower education, agricultural workers, and dog owners. Targeted public health measures, including improved hygiene practices and access to clean water, are essential to reducing its impact.

Indexed as

alveolar echinococcosiscystic echinococcosisEchinococcus granulosushydatid cystrisk factorszoonosis

Identifiers

PMID39654835
PMCPMC11625768

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.