ArticleBMJ (Clinical research ed.)2024
Mortality and risk of diabetes, liver disease, and heart disease in individuals with haemochromatosis
Article in BMJ (Clinical research ed.), 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Pooled it
- Iron overload cardiomyopathy.Heart failure reviews · 2026Review
- Hyperferritinemia: Pathophysiology, Etiologies, and Diagnostic Approach.European journal of haematology · 2026Review
- Quantitative assessment of pancreas R2* in cirrhosis with systemic iron overload: relationship with serum iron parameters and metabolic complications.Quantitative imaging in medicine and surgery · 2026Article
- Hepcidin as a Molecular Hub of Iron Homeostasis: From BMP-SMAD Signaling to Therapeutic Modulation.Biomolecules · 2026Review
- Osteoarthritis and analgesic consumption in haemochromatosis HFE C282Y homozygotes with normal or low iron parameters.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Unraveling genotype-phenotype relationships in hereditary hemochromatosis through integrated biobank data analysis.BMC genomics · 2026Article
- C282Y Homozygosity Increases Erythrocyte Turnover and Decreases HbA1c-A Population-Based Study.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Chondrocalcinosis and the haemochromatosis-linkedEULAR rheumatology open · 2026Article
- Effects of 1-day outpatient nutrition intervention on insulin resistance and maternal-infant outcomes in women with gestational diabetes mellitus: a single-center retrospective cohort study.Frontiers in nutrition · 2026Article
- Associations Between theGastroenterology research · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectivesTo test whether haemochromatosis
designProspective cohort study.
settingThree Danish general population cohorts: the Copenhagen City Heart Study, the Copenhagen General Population Study, and the Danish General Suburban Population Study.
participants132 542 individuals genotyped for the
main outcome measureHospital contacts and deaths, retrieved from national registers, covering all hospitals and deaths in Denmark.
resultsComparing C282Y homozygotes with non-carriers, hazard ratios were 1.72 (95% confidence interval (CI) 1.24 to 2.39) for diabetes, 2.22 (1.40 to 3.54) for liver disease, and 1.01 (0.78 to 1.31) for heart disease. Depending on age group, the absolute five year risk of diabetes was 0.54-4.3% in C282Y homozygous women, 0.37-3.0% in non-carrier women, 0.86-6.8% in C282Y homozygous men, and 0.60-4.80% in non-carrier men. When studied according to levels of iron, transferrin saturation, and ferritin in a single blood sample obtained at study enrolment, risk of diabetes was increased in C282Y homozygotes with normal transferrin saturation (hazard ratio 2.00, 95% CI 1.04 to 3.84) or ferritin (3.76, 1.41 to 10.05) and in C282Y homozygotes with normal levels of both ferritin and transferrin saturation (6.49, 2.09 to 20.18). C282Y homozygotes with diabetes had a higher risk of death from any cause than did non-carriers with diabetes (hazard ratio 1.94, 95% CI 1.19 to 3.18), but mortality was not increased in C282Y homozygotes without diabetes. The percentage of all deaths among C282Y homozygotes that could theoretically be prevented if excess deaths in individuals with a specific disease were eliminated (the population attributable fraction) was 27.3% (95% CI 12.4% to 39.7%) for diabetes and 14.4% (3.1% to 24.3%) for liver disease. Risk of diabetes or liver disease was not increased in H63D heterozygotes, H63D homozygotes, C282Y heterozygotes, or C282Y/H63D compound heterozygotes.
conclusionsHaemochromatosis C282Y homozygotes with normal transferrin saturation and/or ferritin, not recommended for
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