Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39650662›Full record

ReviewFrontiers in immunology2024

Modulation of gut microbiota by probiotics to improve the efficacy of immunotherapy in hepatocellular carcinoma.

Ping Chen, Chengchen Yang, Ke Ren, Mingzhi Xu, Chenwei Pan, Xuewei Ye, Lanjuan Li

Abstract readReview
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Review in Frontiers in immunology, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
20citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

20 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. The Role ofInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2026
    Review
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  7. Article
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  9. Review
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  13. Exosome-based immunotherapy in hepatocellular carcinoma.Clinical and experimental medicine · 2025
    Review
  14. Review
  15. Article
  16. Review
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  18. Review
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Ping Chen *Key Laboratory of Artificial Organs and Computational Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Shulan (Hangzhou) Hospital, Shulan International Medical College, Zhejiang Shuren University, Hangzhou, China.
Chengchen Yang *State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
Ke RenShulan International Medical College, Zhejiang Shuren University, Hangzhou, China.
Mingzhi XuDepartment of General Medicine, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Institute of Basic Medicine and Cancer (IBMC), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
Chenwei PanDepartment of Infectious Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.
Xuewei YeKey Laboratory of Artificial Organs and Computational Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Shulan (Hangzhou) Hospital, Shulan International Medical College, Zhejiang Shuren University, Hangzhou, China.
Lanjuan LiState Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Hepatocellular carcinoma, a common malignancy of the digestive system, typically progresses through a sequence of hepatitis, liver fibrosis, cirrhosis and ultimately, tumor. The interaction between gut microbiota, the portal venous system and the biliary tract, referred to as the gut-liver axis, is crucial in understanding the mechanisms that contribute to the progression of hepatocellular carcinoma. Mechanisms implicated include gut dysbiosis, alterations in microbial metabolites and increased intestinal barrier permeability. Imbalances in gut microbiota, or dysbiosis, contributes to hepatocellular carcinoma by producing carcinogenic substances, disrupting the balance of the immune system, altering metabolic processes, and increasing intestinal barrier permeability. Concurrently, accumulating evidence suggests that gut microbiota has the ability to modulate antitumor immune responses and affect the efficacy of cancer immunotherapies. As a new and effective strategy, immunotherapy offers significant potential for managing advanced stages of hepatocellular carcinoma, with immune checkpoint inhibitors achieving significant advancements in improving patients' survival. Probiotics play a vital role in promoting health and preventing diseases by modulating metabolic processes, inflammation and immune responses. Research indicates that they are instrumental in boosting antitumor immune responses through the modulation of gut microbiota. This review is to explore the relationship between gut microbiota and the emergence of hepatocellular carcinoma, assess the contributions of probiotics to immunotherapy and outline the latest research findings, providing a safer and more cost-effective potential strategy for the prevention and management of hepatocellular carcinoma.

Indexed as

Carcinoma, HepatocellularGastrointestinal MicrobiomeImmunotherapyLiver NeoplasmsProbioticsAnimalsDysbiosisHumansgut microbiotahepatocellular carcinomaimmunotherapyprobioticstherapeutic strategies

Identifiers

PMID39650662
PMCPMC11621041

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.