ArticleSouthern African journal of HIV medicine2024
Radiological predictors of PCP in HIV-positive adults in South Africa: A matched case-control study.
Article in Southern African journal of HIV medicine, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Background: Definition of chest X-ray (CXR) features associated with laboratory-confirmed pneumocystis pneumonia (PCP) among HIV-positive adults is needed to improve diagnosis in high-burden settings. Objectives: Our primary objective was to identify CXR features associated with confirmed PCP diagnosis and severe PCP (defined by hypoxia, intensive care unit referral/admission, and/or in-hospital death). We also explored the performance of logistic regression models, incorporating selected clinical and CXR predictors, for PCP diagnosis and severe PCP. Method: We conducted a case-control study involving HIV-positive adults with laboratory-confirmed PCP and a matched cohort with non-PCP respiratory presentations at regional hospitals in Cape Town, South Africa (2012-2020). Results: Records from 104 adults (52 PCP cases and 52 non-PCP controls) were included. Diffuse versus patchy ground-glass opacification was associated with increased odds of PCP diagnosis (adjusted odds ratio [aOR]: 6.2, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.6-28.9, Conclusion: CXR evaluation alongside bedside clinical information offers good accuracy for discriminating definite PCP from other HIV-associated respiratory diseases.
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