ReviewAnnals of medicine and surgery (2012)2024
Chronic traumatic encephalopathy in athletes, players, boxers and military: systematic review.
Review in Annals of medicine and surgery (2012), 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed.
- Integrated Blood Biomarker and Neurobehavioural Signatures of Latent Neuroinjury in Experienced Military Breachers Exposed to Repetitive Low-Intensity Blast.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Tau-PET imaging and blood biomarkers reveal early tauopathy in special operations forces exposed to repetitive blast.Brain communications · 2026Article
- The glymphatic and meningeal lymphatic systems may converge, connecting traumatic brain injury progression with chronic traumatic encephalopathy onset.Molecular and cellular neurosciences · 2025Review
- The Relationship Between Concussion and Combat History and Mental Health and Suicide Ideation Among United States Military Veterans-A Pilot Study.Brain sciences · 2025Article
- Repetitive Low-Level Blast Exposure Alters Circulating Myeloperoxidase, Matrix Metalloproteinases, and Neurovascular Endothelial Molecules in Experienced Military Breachers.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Charting the research frontier for viral infections, immunomodulation, and dementia: a perspective on synaptic biomarkers as essential clinical trial endpoints.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The objective of the study was to demonstrate whether athletes, players, boxers and military personnel can really be victims of Chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE), and to elucidate this pathology. In 53 articles, 14 were selected for qualitative synthesis in the results table that addresses CTE in football, soccer and rugby players, boxers and the military. Neuropathologically, CTE shows cerebral atrophy, a pelvic septum cavity with fenestrations, dense diffuse immunoreactive inclusions and a TDP-43 proteinopathy. Microscopically, there are extensive neurofibrillary tangles and spindle-shaped neurites throughout the brain. Thus, CTE is characterized by being a distinct tauopathy and with a clear environmental etiology. American football players, boxers and the military are more likely to trigger CET, due to the constant mechanical shocks from their heads. The most frequent clinical manifestations were: headache, aggressiveness, dementia, executive dysfunction and suicide. CET is definitely diagnosed only at autopsy, there is no specific treatment for it, but support and safety measures can help the patient. Advances to definitively diagnose CTE in living people and specific treatment for this disease are needed.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.