ArticleTranslational pediatrics2024
The growth and development of children with β-thalassemia major one year after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.
Article in Translational pediatrics, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Background: Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) has proven to be an effective curative intervention for children with β-thalassemia major (β-TM). They are susceptible to growth disorders due various factors. The primary objective of this study was to investigate the growth and development of children with β-TM both before and after undergoing allo-HSCT during a one-year follow-up period. Methods: According to the international reference standards for child growth established by the World Health Organization in 2006, participants were divided into two groups based on their Z scores: weight-for-age Z scores (WAZ), height-for-age Z scores (HAZ), and body mass index-for-age Z scores (BAZ) before allo-HSCT. The first group included children with normal nutritional levels (-2≤ Z scores ≤2), while the second group consisted of children with malnutrition (Z scores <-2 or >2). Measurements of weight, height, and body mass index (BMI) were recorded at six time points: prior to allo-HSCT (T0), and 1 month (T1), 3 months (T3), 6 months (T6), 9 months (T9), and 12 months (T12) following the procedure. Results: Among the 56 children diagnosed with β-TM, 25% were malnourished prior to HSCT. In the group with normal nutrition, mean WAZ (P=0.04) and HAZ (P<0.001) values were significantly higher at T12 compared to T0; however, mean BAZ was similar at T12 and T0 (P=0.61). In contrast, in the malnutrition group, no significant differences were observed in mean WAZ (P=0.12), HAZ (P=0.27), or BAZ (P=0.75) values between T12 and T0. Notably, the incidence of increased HAZ was significantly more prevalent in children aged seven years or younger than in those older than seven years (P=0.01). Conclusions: Children diagnosed with β-TM who had normal nutritional levels at the time of allo-HSCT showed significant growth improvements within one year of follow-up compared to their pre-transplantation state. Additionally, the age at which allo-HSCT was performed may substantially influence post-transplantation growth rates. Regular monitoring of growth and development from the time of diagnosis is crucial to ensure optimal nutritional status at the time of allo-HSCT, thereby enhancing the prognosis for these children after transplantation.
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