ArticleToxicology reports2024
Eco-friendly synthesis of Carbon Quantum Dots (CQDs) from hazelnut husk for sensitive Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) detection.
Article in Toxicology reports, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.
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Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed.
- Biomass-Derived Carbon Quantum Dots via Semi-Hydrothermal Processing: Linking Surface Chemistry, Colloidal Stability, and Photocatalytic Mineralization Performance.Nanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Article
- Nanotechnology in aflatoxin management: emerging tools for rapid detection and post-harvest control in grains.World journal of microbiology & biotechnology · 2026Review
- The carbon quantum dots: Preparation, antibacterial mechanisms, and application in food packaging.Current research in food science · 2026Review
- Recent advancements in application of carbohydrate-derived carbon quantum dots in analytical chemistry: a comprehensive update.Bioresources and bioprocessing · 2025Review
- A Green Synthesis of Fluorescent Carbon Dots and Their Application to the Determination of Sunset Yellow.Foods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
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3 authors.
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Abstract
In this study, green fluorescent carbon quantum dots (CQDs) with remarkable stability, water solubility, and biocompatibility were synthesized from hazelnut husk (HH) waste material using a novel approach by the pyrolysis method. The optical properties of the synthesized HH-CQDs were characterized by UV-Vis and fluorescence spectroscopy (PL), while their structural properties were characterized using various techniques, including transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). TEM images revealed that HH-CQDs had a spherical shape with diameters ranging from 2 to 10 nm. The fluorescence quantum yield of these CQDs was measured as 0.04. Furthermore, CQDs were very effective at finding aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) using a fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) mechanism, with a clear fluorescence emission peak seen at 451 nm. The photoluminescent properties of CQDs were evaluated under various pH conditions, showing a blue shift and increased fluorescence intensity at pH 9-10, suggesting their potential use in pH-sensitive sensor applications. This study demonstrates the selective and sensitive detection of AFB1 using HH-CQDs, with a strong linear relationship (R² = 0.9936) between fluorescence intensity and AFB1 concentration in the range of 25-250 ppm, and high accuracy in real food samples, including 81.56 % in corn, 98.64 % in milk, and 95.73 % in peanuts. This eco-friendly and cost-effective synthesis method offers a promising alternative for AFB1 detection in food samples by utilizing waste material to create valuable analytical tools.
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