ArticleFrontiers in endocrinology2024
A scoping review of type 2 diabetes mellitus in Pakistan investigating the status of glycemic control, awareness, treatment adherence, complications and cost.
Article in Frontiers in endocrinology, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Financial Toxicity in Diabetes: The State of What We Know.Current diabetes reports · 2025Pooled it
- Effectiveness of the Mobile-Based Diabetes Little Helper Video Intervention on Medication Adherence Among Older Adults Living With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, Henan, China: Randomized Controlled Trial.Journal of medical Internet research · 2026Trial
- Prevalence of Thyroid Dysfunction in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Its Impact on Glycemic Control.Cureus · 2026Article
- Non-communicable disease risk in female secondary school teachers of Islamabad: a baseline survey from a mixed methods study.Frontiers in public health · 2026Article
- Diabetes mellitus in Pakistan: prevalence and preventive management strategies - a comprehensive literature review.Cardiovascular diabetology. Endocrinology reports · 2025Review
- Evidence based prevalence of diabetes related depression in Kohat, Pakistan: a cross-sectional study.BMC public health · 2025Article
- Clinical metabolomics in type 2 diabetes mellitus: from pathogenesis to biomarkers.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2025Review
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Authors and funding
8 authors.
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Abstract
Background: The high prevalence of Type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM) in Pakistan is a challenge to the existing healthcare system. This is the first comprehensive review of the status of glycemic control, diabetes knowledge, treatment adherence, complications and financial burden faced by the diabetic patient population of the country. Methods: We searched PubMed, Web of Science and Scopus for studies on diabetes control, knowledge, treatment adherence, prevalence of complications and cost in Pakistan published in English from 2000 to 2024. We hand-searched Google Scholar for additional papers and included a total of 45 studies in our review. Results: The review shows that poor glycemic control prevails among diabetic patients ranging from 44.7% to 86.4% along with half of the patients have poor diabetes knowledge (46.0% -70.0%). Treatment adherence level in diabetic patients varies widely in different studies, frequently reported complications are retinopathy (14.5%-43.0%), nephropathy (14.0%-31.0%) and neuropathy (10.8%-59.6%); and the disease poses a great deal of economic burden. Conclusion: Most of the studies were observational. Glycemic control and knowledge among individuals with T2DM in Pakistan are inadequate, leading to a high prevalence of complications that impose significant health and economic burdens. Further longitudinal studies generating evidence of lifestyle modifications as primary and secondary prevention strategies against diabetes in the Pakistani population can form a strong foundation for awareness campaigns and policy revisions.
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