ArticleIEEE transactions on magnetics2024
Novel Volume Integral Equation Approach for Low-Frequency E-Field Dosimetry of Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation.
Article in IEEE transactions on magnetics, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
A new volume integral equation (VIE) approach is introduced to study transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) and high-contrast media at low frequencies. This new integral equation offers a simple solution to the high-contrast breakdown observed in low-frequency electric field (E-field) dosimetry of conductive media. Specifically, we employ appropriate approximations that are valid for low frequencies and stabilize the VIE by introducing a basis expansion set that removes solutions associated with high eigenvalues in the equation. The new equation is devoid of high-contrast breakdown and does not require the use of auxiliary surface variables or projectors, providing a straightforward practical solution for the VIE analysis of TMS. Our results indicate that the novel VIE formulation matches boundary element, finite element, and analytical solutions. This new VIE represents a first step towards including anisotropy in integral equation E-field dosimetry for brain stimulation.
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