Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39643866›Full record

Trial reportBMC cancer2024

Investigating the effect of the educational intervention based on the Health Belief Model on the knowledge and beliefs of Yemeni teachers in the use of breast cancer screening: a randomized controlled trial study.

Sarah Noman, Nadya Mohamed Elfeturi Elarusy, Hejar Abdul Rahman, Suriani Ismail, Meram Azzani, Sahar Mohammed Taresh, Musheer A Aljaberi

Abstract readRandomized Controlled Trial
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Trial report in BMC cancer, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
8citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

8 citing papers in PubMed.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Sarah NomanDepartment of Community Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Taiz University, Taiz, Yemen. saranoman12@gmail.com.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7702-6987
Nadya Mohamed Elfeturi ElarusyDepartment of Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Zawia, Zawia, Libya. n.elarusy@zu.edu.ly.
Hejar Abdul RahmanDepartment of Community Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, 43400, Malaysia.
Suriani IsmailDepartment of Community Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, 43400, Malaysia.
Meram AzzaniDepartment of Public Health Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Sungai Buloh, Selangor, Malaysia.
Sahar Mohammed TareshTaiz University, Taiz, Yemen.
Musheer A AljaberiDepartment of Internal Medicine, Section Nursing Science, Erasmus University Medical Center (Erasmus MC), Rotterdam, The Netherlands.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundBreast cancer (BC) is the most prevalent cancer among women. Teachers play a crucial role in promoting healthy behaviors, including breast cancer screening (BCS). This study aimed to assess the impact of an Health Belief Model (HBM)-based educational intervention on BCS uptake, knowledge, and beliefs among female Yemeni teachers in Klang Valley, Malaysia.

methodsA cluster-randomized controlled trial was conducted with 180 participants from 12 schools, randomly assigned to intervention or control groups. The intervention group participated in a 90-minute educational session, with follow-up assessments at baseline, and at 1, 3, and 6 months' post-intervention, using validated Arabic questionnaires. Data analysis was performed using SPSS version 22.0, with Generalized Estimating Equations (GEE) applied to assess differences within and between groups over time. Statistical significance was set at P < 0.05.

resultsAt baseline, there were no significant differences between groups. Post-intervention, the intervention group showed significantly higher rates of breast self-examination (BSE) and clinical breast examination (CBE) compared to the control group, with adjusted odds ratios (AOR) of 17.51 (CI: 8.22-37.29) for BSE and 2.75 (CI: 1.42-5.32) for CBE. Over six months, BSE performance in the intervention group increased, with AORs improving from 11.01 (CI: 5.05-24.04) to 18.55 (CI: 8.83-38.99). Similarly, CBE uptake rose from 1.60 (CI: 1.02-2.52) to 2.27 (CI: 1.44-3.58). Secondary outcomes revealed significant gains in knowledge and beliefs in the intervention group, including increased confidence in performing BSE and reduced perceived barriers.

conclusionsThe HBM-based educational intervention effectively enhanced BCS uptake, improved knowledge, and decreased barriers to BCS among Yemeni teachers in Malaysia, highlighting the potential of targeted educational programs to promote cancer screening behaviors in underserved populations. CLINICAL

trial registrationRetrospectively registered, ANZCTR (ACTRN12618000173291). Registered on February 02, 2018.

Indexed as

Breast NeoplasmsBreast Self-ExaminationEarly Detection of CancerHealth Belief ModelHealth Knowledge, Attitudes, PracticeSchool TeachersAdultFemaleHealth EducationHumansMalaysiaMiddle AgedSurveys and QuestionnairesBeliefsEarly detection of breast cancerHealth educationHealth knowledgeTeachers

Identifiers

PMID39643866
PMCPMC11622474

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.