ArticleBMC neurology2024
Efficacy of double filtration plasmapheresis in the treatment of steroid and/or IVIG unresponsive neuronal surface antibodies associated autoimmune encephalitis.
Article in BMC neurology, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of the Recurrence of Autoimmune Encephalitis.Annals of clinical and translational neurology · 2026Pooled it
- Recent Progress in Double Filtration Plasmapheresis.Hemodialysis international. International Symposium on Home Hemodialysis · 2026Review
- Efficacy and safety of blood purification in the treatment of autoimmune encephalitis: a meta-analysis.American journal of translational research · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
introductionWhether double filtration plasmapheresis (DFPP) is effective in the patients who do not response to the initial immunotherapy is uncertain. This retrospective study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of DFPP in the treatment of patients who had no improvement after initial immunotherapy (steroids and/or immunoglobulin (IVIG)), and moreover, to investigate the factors associated with the efficacy of DFPP.
methodsFrom January 1st, 2014, to December 30th,2018, a total of 26 patients who were diagnosed autoimmune encephalitis (AE) and were received the treatment of DFPP after unsuccessful or incomplete recovery from their early immune therapy (including intravenous high-dose cortisone, IVIG and or immunosuppressant) for at least 21 days were investigated. Their plasmapheresis volume, the course of disease, treatment sessions, and complications were recorded. The efficacy of DFPP within a week were assessed by modified Rankin scale (mRS). These patients were followed until six months after the last session of DFPP treatment.
resultsThe duration between the onset of symptoms and DFPP administration was 54.5 days (range 21-243 days). The median DFPP sessions for each patient were three (range 2-6 sessions), and the mean volume of plasma exchange was 50.5 ± 11.1 ml/kg/session. Total clinically relevant improvement was observed in 57.7% of the patients. The median mRS was decreased from 5 to 4 within one week after DFPP treatment (P < 0.001). Only one patient relapsed in the following six months after DFPP. The effectiveness of DFPP has no relationship with age, gender, the type of antibody, with or without neoplasm, clinical course and the volume of plasma exchange. Most patients tolerated well, except 2 cases. One encountered mild allergic reaction and the other had a transient hypotension during DFPP treatment, but both were corrected rapidly.
conclusionDFPP is an effective and safe treatment option for patients who have poor responsiveness to early immunotherapy).
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