Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39643436›Full record

ArticleSexually transmitted infections2025

Increase in

Buhari Teker, Maarten F Schim van der Loeff, Anders Boyd, Elske Hoornenborg, Arjen J Stam, Henry J C de Vries, Vita Willemijn Jongen

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Sexually transmitted infections, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
7citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

7 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Evaluating a new partner management strategy for bacterial sexually transmitted infections after a change in 2020 in Amsterdam, the Netherlands, 2017 to 2023.Euro surveillance : bulletin Europeen sur les maladies transmissibles = European communicable disease bulletin · 2026
    Article
  3. Observational
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Open forum infectious diseases · 2026
    Article
  7. Estimated effect of reduced asymptomatic testing on missedThe Lancet regional health. Europe · 2025
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Buhari TekerInfectious Diseases, Public Health Service of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands.ORCID 0000-0002-1526-7977
Maarten F Schim van der LoeffInfectious Diseases, Public Health Service of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands.ORCID 0000-0002-4903-7002
Anders BoydInfectious Diseases, Public Health Service of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands.
Elske HoornenborgInfectious Diseases, Public Health Service of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands.ORCID 0000-0002-0512-2109
Arjen J StamInfectious Diseases, Public Health Service of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands.ORCID 0000-0003-2038-6791
Henry J C de Vries *Infectious Diseases, Public Health Service of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands h.j.devries@amsterdamumc.nl.
Vita Willemijn Jongen *Infectious Diseases, Public Health Service of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands.ORCID 0000-0001-9538-1501

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveVarious European countries noted increasing

methodsWe analysed data collected between 2018 and 2023 at the Centre for Sexual Health, Amsterdam. We modelled temporal changes in Ng positivity rates (ie, number of positive results per 100 tests) using relative risk regression with a covariate representing three time periods: pre-COVID-19 (1 January 2018-12 March 2020), during COVID-19 (13 March 2020-1 March 2022), and post-COVID-19 (2 March 2022-31 December 2023).

resultsWe included 110 878 consultations pre-COVID-19, 84 917 during COVID-19 and 108 282 post-COVID-19. Positivity rates of Ng went from 12.4% to 13.0% in MSM, 1.7% to 2.3% in MSW, 6.7% to 9.9% in MSMW, 1.3% to 2.9% in women and 8.1% to 10.4% in TGP pre-COVID-19 and post-COVID-19, respectively. Significant increases were observed among MSW (relative risk (RR)=1.31,95% CI 1.12 to 1.53), MSMW (RR=1.47, 95% CI 1.26 to 1.72) and women (RR=2.25, 95% CI 2.03 to 2.49). An increased number of sexual partners and inconsistent condom use were associated with an increased Ng risk.

conclusionA substantial relative increase in Ng risk among MSW, MSMW and women, but not MSM or TGP, was observed post-COVID-19. Changes in sexual behaviour were associated with these changes. Continuous surveillance of Ng in heterosexual individuals is needed to monitor changes, alongside implementing prevention strategies for sexually transmitted infections.

Indexed as

COVID-19GonorrheaNeisseria gonorrhoeaeAdultFemaleHeterosexualityHomosexuality, MaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedNetherlandsSARS-CoV-2Sexual and Gender MinoritiesSexual BehaviorYoung AdultHeterosexualityHOMOSEXUALITYNEISSERIA GONORRHOEAESexual PartnersWOMEN

Identifiers

PMID39643436
PMCPMC12015053

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.