Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39642210›Full record

SynthesisDiabetic medicine : a journal of the British Diabetic Association2025

Glucocorticoid treatment and new-onset hyperglycaemia and diabetes in people living with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Rajna Golubic, Hudson Mumbole, Mouhamad Hussein Ismail, Alwyn Choo, Olivia Baker, Karyna Atha, Sarah Chew Sue Mei, Arjun Raj, Preethu Anand, Nwe Oo Aung and 7 more

Abstract readSystematic ReviewMeta-Analysis
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Synthesis in Diabetic medicine : a journal of the British Diabetic Association, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
6citing papers in PubMed, 3 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

6 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Pooled it
  3. Pooled it
  4. Implementing acute exacerbations of COPD care bundles: evidence, effectiveness and future directions.European respiratory review : an official journal of the European Respiratory Society · 2026
    Review
  5. Review
  6. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

17 authors.

Rajna GolubicDiabetes Trials Unit, Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, and NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0419-9582
Hudson MumboleDiabetes Trials Unit, Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, and NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
Mouhamad Hussein IsmailAddenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, UK.
Alwyn ChooNorfolk and Norwich University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Norwich, UK.
Olivia BakerAddenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, UK.
Karyna AthaHarris Manchester College, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
Sarah Chew Sue MeiAddenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, UK.
Arjun RajLeicester University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Leicester, UK.
Preethu AnandAddenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, UK.
Nwe Oo AungStoke Mandeville Hospital, Aylesbury, UK.
Niraj S KumarDepartment of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK.
Tulika NaharNational Medical Research Association, London, UK.
Ruth L ColemanDiabetes Trials Unit, Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, and NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
Jeremy W TomlinsonDiabetes Trials Unit, Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, and NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3170-8533
Najib RahmanOxford Respiratory Trials Unit, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
Rishi CaleyachettyWarwick Medical School Health Sciences, University of Warwick, Warwick, UK.
Amanda AdlerDiabetes Trials Unit, Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, and NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2797-3385

Funding

Medical Research Council MR/W015455/1
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

introductionIn people living with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), we aimed to estimate: (1) the prevalence of glucocorticoid-induced hyperglycaemia (GIH); (2) whether the prevalence of GIH varies by age, baseline diabetes status, treatment duration, ascertainment of glycaemia, definition of hyperglycaemia, study design and year of publication; and (3) the relative risk (RR) of new-onset hyperglycaemia in exposed vs non-exposed to systemic glucocorticoids.

methodsWe searched electronic databases until 9 November 2023 for randomised controlled trials and observational studies including adults diagnosed with COPD, with or without diabetes at baseline, using systemic glucocorticoids equivalent to prednisolone ≥5 mg/day for ≥3 days if exposed. Hyperglycaemia was defined as a blood glucose above a study-specific cut-off. We extracted data on study and participant characteristics, exposure and outcome. We performed random-effects meta-analysis to calculate pooled prevalence estimate of GIH. Prevalence was expressed as the proportion of people who developed hyperglycaemia among all exposed to systemic glucocorticoids during follow-up. We calculated RR of new-onset hyperglycaemia in exposed vs non-exposed to systemic glucocorticoids from eight studies.

resultsOf 25,806 citations, we included 18 studies comprising 3642 people of whom 3125 received systemic glucocorticoids and 1189 developed hyperglycaemia. Pooled prevalence of GIH was 38.6% (95%CI 29.9%-47.9%) with significant heterogeneity, I

conclusionThe prevalence of GIH was 38.6%. Being treated with systemic glucocorticoids for COPD was associated with 2.4 times higher risk of new-onset hyperglycaemia versus no glucocorticoid treatment.

Indexed as

Diabetes MellitusGlucocorticoidsHyperglycemiaPulmonary Disease, Chronic ObstructiveHumansPrevalenceRandomized Controlled Trials as TopicGlucocorticoidsclinical diabetesdiabetesother complicationssystematic review

Identifiers

PMID39642210
PMCPMC11823367

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.