ArticleJAMA network open2024
Racial and Ethnic and Rural Variations in the Use of Hybrid Prenatal Care in the US.
Article in JAMA network open, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 9 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed.
- Associations Between Virtual Prenatal Care Utilization, Social Determinants of Health, and Stressful Life Events: A Multistate Analysis of U.S. Women, 2020-2021.Maternal and child health journal · 2026Article
- Defining Prenatal Care Surveillance Metrics Using Electronic Health Record Data.JAMA health forum · 2026Article
- Peripartum Telehealth Care Utilization During the COVID-19 Pandemic, by Hypertension Status, PCORnet®, 2018 to 2023.Medical care · 2026Article
- Variations in Postpartum Readmission by Individual Race, Ethnicity, and Rurality in South Carolina.JAMA network open · 2025Article
- Severe Maternal Morbidity and Mortality After Delivery Hospitalization Among Rural Residents Bypassing Local Care for Urban Hospitals.JAMA network open · 2025Article
- The roles of COVID-19 pandemic exposure and telehealth in prenatal care access for rural and racial minority communities in the United States: A retrospective cohort study.The Journal of rural health : official journal of the American Rural Health Association and the National Rural Health Care Association · 2025Article
- Hypertensive Disorders of Pregnancy and Breastfeeding Among US Women.JAMA network open · 2025Article
- Error in Author Name.JAMA network open · 2025Article
- Trust or money? Barriers to health and healthcare behavior during the COVID-19 pandemic.PloS one · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
14 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Importance: Understanding whether there are racial and ethnic and residential disparities in prenatal telehealth uptake is necessary for ensuring equitable access and guiding implementation of future hybrid (ie, both telehealth and in-person) prenatal care. Objective: To assess temporal changes in individuals using hybrid prenatal care before and during the COVID-19 public health emergency (PHE) by race and ethnicity and residence location in the US. Design, Setting, and Participants: This retrospective cohort study analyzed electronic health record data of prenatal care visits from the National COVID Cohort Collaborative Data Enclave, comprising data from 75 health systems and freestanding institutes in all 50 US states. Data were analyzed on 349 682 nationwide pregnancies among 349 524 people who gave birth from June 1, 2018, through May 31, 2022. Multivariable generalized estimating equations were used to examine variations in receiving hybrid vs only in-person prenatal care. Data phenotyping and analysis occurred from June 13, 2023, to September 27, 2024. Exposures: Prenatal period overlap (never, partially, or fully overlapping) with the COVID-19 PHE, maternal race and ethnicity, and urban or rural residence. Main Outcomes and Measures: Hybrid vs in-person-only prenatal care. Results: Of 349 682 pregnancies (mean [SD] age, 29.4 [5.9] years), 59 837 (17.1%) were in Hispanic or Latino individuals, 14 803 (4.2%) in non-Hispanic Asian individuals, 65 571 (18.8%) in non-Hispanic Black individuals, 162 677 (46.5%) in non-Hispanic White individuals, and 46 794 (13.4%) in non-Hispanic individuals from other racial and ethnic groups. A total of 31 011 participants (8.9%) resided in rural communities. Hybrid prenatal care increased from nearly none before March 2020 to a peak of 8.1% telehealth visits in November 2020, decreasing slightly to 6.2% by March 2022. Among the fully overlapping group, urban residents had nearly 2-fold odds of hybrid prenatal care compared with rural people (adjusted odds ratio [AOR], 1.98; 95% CI, 1.84-2.12). Hispanic or Latino people (AOR, 1.48; 95% CI, 1.41-1.56), non-Hispanic Asian people (AOR, 1.47; 95% CI, 1.35-1.59), and non-Hispanic Black people (AOR, 1.18; 95% CI, 1.12-1.24) were more likely to receive hybrid prenatal care than non-Hispanic White people. Conclusions and Relevance: In this cohort study, hybrid prenatal care increased substantially during the COVID-19 PHE, but pregnant people living in rural areas had lower levels of hybrid care than urban people, and individuals who belonged to racial and ethnic minority groups were more likely to have hybrid care than White individuals. These findings suggest that strategies that improve equitable access to telehealth for people who live in rural areas and people in some minority racial and ethnic groups may be useful.
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