ArticleBMC medical imaging2024
Cone-beam computed tomographic evaluation of styloid process: a retrospective study of 498 patients with maxillofacial diseases.
Article in BMC medical imaging, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
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3 citing papers in PubMed.
- Morphometric analysis of craniofacial skeletal and masticatory muscle morphology in patients with temporomandibular disorders: An observational study.Oral and maxillofacial surgery · 2026Observational
- A field of view-based assessment of soft tissue calcifications in cone beam computed tomography of the maxillofacial region.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- An Abnormally Long Styloid Process Without Stylohyoid Ligament Ossification: Morphological and CT Findings from Two Dry Skulls.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
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Abstract
purposeThe purpose of this study was to assess the structural characteristics of the styloid process (SP) using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) examination in patients with maxillofacial diseases. The study aimed to determine the prevalence of elongated styloid process (ESP) and its relationship to gender in the study population. Radiographic records of 498 subjects were evaluated retrospectively. Radiological examinations including measurements of the structure, length, volume, and angulations of styloid process were performed on CBCT images. Males had significantly longer styloid process in both sides than females in the study population and a strong positive linear relationship was found between left and right sides' process length (r = 0.83; p < 0.001). The mean internal oblique angle of styloid process differed between genders, but there were no statistically significant differences in the mean anterior oblique angle. Out of 498 subjects, 62 (24.13%) females and 101 (41.91%) males had elongated left styloid process (≥ 30 mm), while 75 (29.18%) and 90 (37.34%) had right side respectively.
methodsRadiographic records of 498 subjects were evaluated retrospectively. Radiological examinations including measurements of the structure, length, volume, and angulations of styloid process were performed on CBCT images.
resultsMales had significantly longer styloid process in both sides than females in the study population and a strong positive linear relationship was found between left and right sides' process length (r = 0.83; p < 0.001). The mean internal oblique angle of styloid process differed between genders, but there were no statistically significant differences in the mean anterior oblique angle. Out of 498 subjects, 62 (24.13%) females and 101 (41.91%) males had elongated left styloid process (≥30 mm), while 75 (29.18%) and 90 (37.34%) had right side respectively.
conclusionsThis study presents the CBCT as an alternative method to CT or panoramic radiographs for the measurement and the assessment of the styloid process. Within the study in 498 subjects in China, it was observed that the males, on average, had significantly longer styloid process and narrower internal oblique angle than females either in left or right side. Around 33% of the study population had ESP.
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