ArticleNature communications2024
Intratumoral delivery of lipid nanoparticle-formulated mRNA encoding IL-21, IL-7, and 4-1BBL induces systemic anti-tumor immunity.
Article in Nature communications, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 62 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
62 citing papers in PubMed.
- The advances and challenges of mRNA-LNP application in fields of hematology and oncology therapeutics.Journal of hematology & oncology · 2026Review
- IL7R mRNA therapy enhances antitumor T cell immunity and suppresses tumor growth in preclinical tumor models.Journal for immunotherapy of cancer · 2026Article
- Metal-organic framework nanovaccines for systemic tumour regression.Nature biomedical engineering · 2026Article
- Co-formulation of IL-12 mRNA and doxorubicin in polymeric nanoparticles for simultaneous delivery in murine melanoma.RSC pharmaceutics · 2026Article
- Sonogenetics Nanomedicine Activates the cGAS-STING Pathway for Immunotherapy of Triple-Negative Breast Cancer.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Article
- Rewriting the mRNA Delivery Map: Albumin Hitchhiking Lipid Nanoparticles for Safer and Smarter Nanomedicine.ACS materials Au · 2026Review
- Beyond the genetic code: orchestrating epigenetic and immune landscapes with multivalent mRNA-exosome vaccines.Precision clinical medicine · 2026Review
- Beyond Permanent Genome Editing: Molecular Delivery Strategies for RNA Editing and Epigenome-Editing Therapeutics.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Peptide additives reprogram the lipid nanoparticle corona and enhance gene delivery in a serum-free environment for lung epithelium.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Clinical significance of CD161Journal for immunotherapy of cancer · 2026Article
- Advances in delivery technologies-powered cancer vaccines.Bioactive materials · 2026Review
- Multiplexed cytokine and antigen mRNA administration generates durable anti-tumor immunity against pancreatic cancer.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Programming the immunological properties of mRNA vaccines for cancer.Nature reviews. Immunology · 2026Review
- Smart Nanomaterials and Natural Biologics for Innate-Adaptive Immune Reprogramming: A Nanobiotechnology Framework for Translational Medicine.Nanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- From LNPs to hybrid nanocarriers: development, challenges and redesign of non-viral gene delivery.Journal of nanobiotechnology · 2026Review
- mRNA vaccines for hepatocellular carcinoma: mechanisms, therapeutic strategies, and clinical perspectives.Hepatology international · 2026Review
- Decoding Undesirable Inflammatory Responses of Nucleic Acid-Delivering Lipid Nanoparticles.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Review
- Rewiring the immune circuit: programming tumor-draining lymph node immunity with nanotechnology.Journal of nanobiotechnology · 2026Review
- Pan-cancer single-cell atlases of mouse and human tumor-associated dendritic cells.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Lipid nanoparticle-mediated co-delivery of IL-33 mRNA and STING agonist modulates the breast cancer microenvironment and potentiates immunotherapy.Journal of nanobiotechnology · 2026Article
2 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
29 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Local delivery of mRNA-based immunotherapy offers a promising avenue as it enables the production of specific immunomodulatory proteins that can stimulate the immune system to recognize and eliminate cancer cells while limiting systemic exposure and toxicities. Here, we develop and employ lipid-based nanoparticles (LNPs) to intratumorally deliver an mRNA mixture encoding the cytokines interleukin (IL)-21 and IL-7 and the immunostimulatory molecule 4-1BB ligand (Triplet LNP). IL-21 synergy with IL-7 and 4-1BBL leads to a profound increase in the frequency of tumor-infiltrating CD8
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.