ReviewOrthopaedic surgery2025
Macrophage Polarization in the Osteoarthritis Pathogenesis and Treatment.
Review in Orthopaedic surgery, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 26 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
26 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Global research trends on macrophage polarization in osteoarthritis: a bibliometric analysis.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Pooled it
- Multi‑omics integration in osteoarthritis: Unraveling cell‑type‑specific gene‑metabolite networks for precision medicine (Review).International journal of molecular medicine · 2026Review
- Deciphering the function and mechanism of extracorporeal shock wave therapy in knee osteoarthritis (Review).International journal of molecular medicine · 2026Review
- Small extracellular vesicles in osteoarthritis: A double‑edged sword regulating inflammation and cartilage homeostasis (Review).International journal of molecular medicine · 2026Review
- Study on the Regulatory Mechanism of GLP-1 Receptor Agonist Liraglutide in Diabetic Corneal Epithelial Wound Healing.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2026Article
- Injectable thermosensitive hydrogel incorporating exosome-loaded chitosan microspheres for immunomodulation and cartilage regeneration.Materials today. Bio · 2026Article
- Systemic implications of osteoarthritis: from local degeneration to systemic metabolic Dysregulation.Journal of translational medicine · 2026Review
- [The role and mechanism of chemokine network in promoting osteoarthritis progression by regulating synovial macrophage heterogeneity].Zhongguo xiu fu chong jian wai ke za zhi = Zhongguo xiufu chongjian waike zazhi = Chinese journal of reparative and reconstructive surgery · 2026Review
- Article
- Cigarette and Electronic Cigarette Exposure in Osteoarthritis: Immune Dysregulation and Inflammatory Signaling Pathways.International journal of general medicine · 2026Article
- Natural products and immune-cell responses in osteoarthritis: mechanisms, evidence maturity, and translational gaps.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- New therapeutic target for osteoarthritis: modulating immune-metabolic aberrations and micromilieu remodeling in underlying bone.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2026Review
- Nanotherapeutic Strategies for Osteoarthritis: Targeting Aging, Metabolism and Inflammation.International journal of nanomedicine · 2026Review
- Administration with carnosic acid alleviates the development of osteoarthritis by attenuating macrophage polarization-mediated inflammation and cartilage oxidative damage and degradation via regulating Nrf2/NF-kB axis.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Platelet-rich plasma-derived microRNA let-7a-5p alleviates knee osteoarthritis by regulating macrophage polarization and improving inflammatory microenvironment.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Single-cell omics reveals arg-1 as a key regulator of age-dependent macrophage-mediated cartilage repair.PloS one · 2026Article
- How Selective are Nanomaterials to Treat Osteoarthritis.International journal of nanomedicine · 2026Review
- Leucine Attenuates Osteoarthritis via mTORC1/LXRα-Mediated Macrophage Reprogramming and Rspo2/β-Catenin Axis Suppression.Cartilage · 2025Article
- Molecular and Immunomodulatory Mechanisms of Statins in Inflammation and Cancer Therapeutics with Emphasis on the NF-κB, NLRP3 Inflammasome, and Cytokine Regulatory Axes.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Nanoparticle-enabled molecular imaging diagnosis of osteoarthritis.Materials today. Bio · 2025Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a prevalent degenerative disorder that severely impacts quality of life due to pain and disability. Although the pathophysiology of OA remains incompletely understood, recent research highlights the role of synovial inflammation in OA onset and progression, driven primarily by inflammatory infiltrates, especially macrophages, in the synovium. These macrophages respond to the local microenvironment, polarizing into either pro-inflammatory (M1) or anti-inflammatory (M2) subtypes. This review focuses on the role of macrophage polarization in OA pathogenesis and treatment, emphasizing how M1/M2 polarization is influenced by pathways such as STAT, NF-κB, caspase, and MAPK. These pathways induce low-grade inflammation within OA-affected joints, altering chondrocyte metabolism, inhibiting cartilage repair, and impairing mesenchymal stem cell chondrogenesis, thereby contributing to OA progression. Additionally, this review discusses potential therapies targeting macrophage polarization, encompassing compounds, proteins, cells, and microRNAs, to offer insights into novel treatment strategies for OA.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.