Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39637861›Full record

ArticleCell genomics2024

Deciphering proteins in Alzheimer's disease: A new Mendelian randomization method integrated with AlphaFold3 for 3D structure prediction.

Minhao Yao, Gary W Miller, Badri N Vardarajan, Andrea A Baccarelli, Zijian Guo, Zhonghua Liu

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Cell genomics, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
20citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

20 citing papers in PubMed.

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  9. Analyses of plasma multi-omic data across ancestries identify novel pathways implicated in Alzheimer's disease.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2026
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  11. Review
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  17. AlphaFold3: An Overview of Applications and Performance Insights.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025
    Review
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Minhao YaoDepartment of Statistics and Actuarial Science, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.
Gary W MillerDepartment of Environmental Health Sciences, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA.
Badri N VardarajanTaub Institute on Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain, Department of Neurology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA.
Andrea A BaccarelliOffice of the Dean, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.
Zijian GuoDepartment of Statistics, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ, USA. Electronic address: zijguo@stat.rutgers.edu.
Zhonghua LiuDepartment of Biostatistics, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA. Electronic address: zl2509@cumc.columbia.edu.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Hidden confounding biases hinder identifying causal protein biomarkers for Alzheimer's disease in non-randomized studies. While Mendelian randomization (MR) can mitigate these biases using protein quantitative trait loci (pQTLs) as instrumental variables, some pQTLs violate core assumptions, leading to biased conclusions. To address this, we propose MR-SPI, a novel MR method that selects valid pQTL instruments using Leo Tolstoy's Anna Karenina principle and performs robust post-selection inference. Integrating MR-SPI with AlphaFold3, we developed a computational pipeline to identify causal protein biomarkers and predict 3D structural changes. Applied to genome-wide proteomics data from 54,306 UK Biobank participants and 455,258 subjects (71,880 cases and 383,378 controls) for a genome-wide association study of Alzheimer's disease, we identified seven proteins (TREM2, PILRB, PILRA, EPHA1, CD33, RET, and CD55) with structural alterations due to missense mutations. These findings offer insights into the etiology and potential drug targets for Alzheimer's disease.

Indexed as

Alzheimer DiseaseGenome-Wide Association StudyMendelian Randomization AnalysisQuantitative Trait LociBiomarkersHumansMembrane GlycoproteinsProteomicsReceptor, EphA1Receptors, ImmunologicBiomarkersMembrane GlycoproteinsReceptor, EphA1Receptors, Immunologic3D structureAlphaFold3Alzheimer's diseasecausal inferencegenome-wide association studyinstrumental variableMendelian randomizationmissense variantspQTLproteomics

Identifiers

PMID39637861
PMCPMC11701259

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.