ArticlePloS one2024
The influence of rotational error and axial shift of toric intraocular lenses on residual astigmatism.
Article in PloS one, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.
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Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed.
- Residual Astigmatism With Toric Versus Light-Adjustable Intraocular Lenses: A Power-Vector Model of the Effect of Alignment Uncertainty.Ophthalmic & physiological optics : the journal of the British College of Ophthalmic Opticians (Optometrists) · 2026Article
- Clinical Interchangeability Boundaries of Pentacam AXL WAVE in Preoperative Biometry for Cataract Surgery: An Agreement Study with IOLMaster 700 and Pentacam.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Article
- Rotational stability of two toric intraocular lenses with different design: a retrospective comparative study.BMC ophthalmology · 2026Article
- An experimental study on the influence of low-contrast optotypes on the performance of multi-toric lenses for astigmatism compensation.Ophthalmic & physiological optics : the journal of the British College of Ophthalmic Opticians (Optometrists) · 2026Article
- Comparative study on rotational stability of toric intraocular lenses in cataract patients with low astigmatism: vertical versus horizontal implantation.American journal of translational research · 2026Article
- Understanding Capsular Contraction and IOL Decentration in Toric and EDOF Lenses: Clinical and Biomechanical Insights.Clinical ophthalmology (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2026Article
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Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
purposeAccurate alignment of Toric Intraocular Lens (T-IOLs) in cataract surgery is crucial for good visual outcomes. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the influence of rotation, axial shift and their combined effects on the refractive error and image quality of a wide range of T-IOL powers (from +1.50 D to +6.00 D cylinder) and two pupil diameters (3.34 and 4.44 mm).
methodsNumerical ray tracing was utilized to quantify the residual error. Simulated retinal images and Visual Strehl (VS) ratios were calculated to evaluate image quality.
resultsFirst, T-IOL rotation showed better agreement with Holladay's formula than 3.33% rule. Second, axial displacement resulted in acceptable residual cylinder (<0.50 D) across all examined cylinder powers. Third, concerning the combined effects, the influence of axial shift on residual cylinder becomes negligible when rotation errors exceed 2.5°. Fourth, a pupil-dependent nonlinear relationship was noted for image quality caused by both types of misalignment factors.
conclusionsThe 3.33% rule was confirmed as a reasonable approximation for the residual astigmatism caused by rotation of T-IOLs. The influence of axial shift on residual astigmatism becomes insignificant when there is also rotation. Image quality studies confirm that 30° of rotation are enough invalidate the compensation benefits of a T-IOLs in comparison with a Spherical Intraocular lens.
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