Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39633602›Full record

ReviewThe Journal of international medical research2024

Heavily treatment-experienced patients with HIV: are new mechanisms of action enough?

Marisa B Brizzi, Tracy L Cable, Dimple C Patel, Kelli Williams, Zoe Adjei, Carl J Fichtenbaum

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in The Journal of international medical research, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
6citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

6 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Trial
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Marisa B BrizziHIV Clinical Pharmacy Specialist, Department of Pharmacy, University of Cincinnati Health, Cincinnati, OH, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-6986-2042
Tracy L CableAssistant Professor of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA.
Dimple C PatelHIV Clinical Pharmacy Specialist, Department of Pharmacy, University of Cincinnati Health, Cincinnati, OH, USA.
Kelli WilliamsAssociate Professor of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA.
Zoe AdjeiPGY-2 Ambulatory Pharmacy Resident, Department of Pharmacy, University of Cincinnati Health, Cincinnati, OH, USA.ORCID 0009-0004-9985-0693
Carl J FichtenbaumProfessor of Clinical Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Antiretroviral (ARV) drug resistance poses a threat to ending the HIV epidemic. As the rates of integrase resistance continue to increase globally, the availability of options for HIV treatment becomes limited. Heavily treatment-experienced (HTE) people with HIV (PWH) are limited to two or fewer available fully active ARV classes and are more likely to have an AIDS-defining event. Appropriate identification and management of HTE PWH is crucial to improving patient outcomes and reducing the future spread of drug-resistant HIV. As treatment options become more limited owing to drug resistance, the availability of more potent drugs with a marked increase in virologic suppression is needed in the current ART era. The purpose of this narrative review is to review the identification of HTE PWH, novel mechanisms of resistance, and management of HTE PWH in resource-rich and resource-limited settings using novel ARVs and combination ART.

Indexed as

Anti-HIV AgentsDrug Resistance, ViralHIV InfectionsHIV-1HumansAnti-HIV AgentsAIDSantiretroviral therapyheavily treatment-experienced people with HIVHIVHIV drug resistanceHIV salvage therapy

Identifiers

PMID39633602
PMCPMC11618923

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.