Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39633150›Full record

ArticleEmergency radiology2025

Occipital condyle fractures revisited.

Mahla Radmard, Armin Tafazolimoghadam, Akua Afrah Amoah, Dhairya A Lakhani, Tej D Azad, Ali Bydon, David M Yousem

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Article in Emergency radiology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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1 · What the graph read from it

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2 · The registry

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3 · Its place in the literature

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4 · The record

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5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Mahla Radmard *Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins Medical Institution, 600 N. Wolfe Street, Phipps B100, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA.
Armin Tafazolimoghadam *Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Akua Afrah AmoahDepartment of Internal Medicine, Johns Hopkins Medical Institution, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA.
Dhairya A LakhaniRussell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins Medical Institution, 600 N. Wolfe Street, Phipps B100, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA.
Tej D AzadDepartment of Neurosurgery Johns Hopkins Medical Institution, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA.
Ali BydonDepartment of Neurosurgery Johns Hopkins Medical Institution, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA.
David M YousemRussell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins Medical Institution, 600 N. Wolfe Street, Phipps B100, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA. dyousem1@jhu.edu.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1222-6643

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

purposeOccipital condyle fractures (OCFs) are classified by the Anderson and Montesano system into Type I (comminuted, minimally displaced), Type II (stable, associated with basilar skull fractures), and Type III (unstable avulsion fractures). We retrospectively analyzed 24,986 cervical spine CT examinations of emergency department patients over five years to determine the incidence and characteristics of OCFs, mechanism of injury, and associated intracranial and cervical spine injuries. METHODS AND MATERIALS: The study was IRB-approved and HIPAA compliant. We retrospectively reviewed the CT brain and CT cervical spine reports performed from July 2018 to August 2023. Variables collected included age, sex, clinical presentation, coincident brain and cervical spine injuries, treatments, and OCF classifications.

resultsSixty-three of 24,986 patients (0.25%) had OCFs, predominantly male (41 males, 22 females), with an average age of 51.1 years; 22/63 (34.9%) occurred in asymptomatic patients. Concurrent injuries included cervical spine fractures (33.3%) at C1 and C2 and intracranial injuries (47.6%), mostly subarachnoid and subdural hemorrhages. OCFs were categorized into Anderson-Montesano Type I (9 cases), Type II (24 cases), and Type III (30 cases), with unstable Type III fractures more common in MVC victims; stable fractures had higher rates of intracranial injuries. There were no significant differences in morbidity, mortality, or concurrent cervical spine or chest/abdominal/pelvic findings between stable and unstable OCFs.

conclusionThe study highlights the importance of comprehensive imaging and evaluation in trauma cases to identify OCFs, even in asymptomatic patients, with a high rate of concurrent C1-2 and intracranial injuries. CLINICAL RELEVANCE/APPLICATION: Being aware of occipital condyle fractures, types, and complications is important in the emergency radiology evaluation of trauma patients, especially given high rates of C1-2 fractures and intracranial bleeds.

Indexed as

Cervical VertebraeOccipital BoneSkull FracturesSpinal FracturesTomography, X-Ray ComputedAdolescentAdultAgedAged, 80 and overEmergency Service, HospitalFemaleHumansIncidenceMaleMiddle AgedRetrospective StudiesBrainCervical spineFractureOccipital condyleTrauma

Identifiers

PMID39633150

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.