Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39630339›Full record

ArticleJournal of autism and developmental disorders2026

Gender Diversity, Gender Dysphoria/Incongruence, and the Intersection with Autism Spectrum Disorders: An Updated Scoping Review.

Hannah M Rea, Roald A Øien, Sara Jane Webb, Shivam Bansal, John F Strang, Anders Nordahl-Hansen

Abstract readScoping Review
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of autism and developmental disorders, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
5citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

5 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Review
  5. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Hannah M ReaPsychiatry and Behavioral Science Department, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA.
Roald A ØienUiT - The Arctic University of Norway, PB 6060, 9037, Tromsø, Norway.
Sara Jane WebbPsychiatry and Behavioral Science Department, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA.
Shivam BansalPsychiatry and Behavioral Science Department, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA.
John F Strang *Gender and Autism Program, Children's National Hospital, Washington, DC, 20010, USA.
Anders Nordahl-Hansen *Department of Education, ICT and Learning, Østfold University College, B R A Veien 4, Halden, Norway. anders.nordahl-hansen@hiof.no.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6411-3122

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

In several ways, 2018 represents a global pivot point in research and care related to the intersection of gender diversity and autism, reflected by the increase in the number of studies on the intersection and broadening of topics. We conducted a scoping review of the literature published between September 2018 and January 2024 to summarize recent research in the field. We compared and contrasted research trends post September 2018 to research that was summarized in previous scoping reviews (Nordahl-Hansen et al. in J Autism Develop Disord 49:1745-1748, 2019; Øien et al. J Autism Develop Disord 48(12):4028-4037, 2018. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10803-018-3843-z ). We also summarized systematic reviews and meta-analyses published after 2018. Compared to previous reviews, we included more comprehensive search terms to focus on gender diversity broadly, rather than just gender dysphoria or gender identity disorder, and we included more detailed coding categories to uniquely identify shifts and continuities in research priorities over time. A total of 99 empirical research studies were published after August 2018 (the end of the search in the previous review) and through January 2024 on autism, gender diversity, and related topics were reviewed. There has been growth in the quantity and quality of studies on the intersection of autism and gender diversity, although methodological improvements are still needed and described in the current review. Future research should include more collaborations with stakeholders to set research priorities that are reflective of the communities being described.

Indexed as

Autism Spectrum DisorderGender DysphoriaGender IdentityFemaleHumansMaleAutismAutisticGender diversityGender dysphoriaGender incongruence

Identifiers

PMID39630339
PMCPMC12987912

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.