Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39629608›Full record

ArticleInternational journal of occupational safety and ergonomics : JOSE2025

Three-dimensional heat and moisture transfer analysis for thermal protection of firefighters' gloves with phase change materials.

Susan S Xu, Jonisha Pollard, Weihuan Zhao

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in International journal of occupational safety and ergonomics : JOSE, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Susan S XuNational Personal Protective Technology Laboratory, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-4711-8658
Jonisha PollardNational Personal Protective Technology Laboratory, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-9282-9120
Weihuan ZhaoGregg Wadley College of Science & Health Professions, Northeastern State University, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-9427-1001

Funding

Intramural CDC HHS CC999999
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Transient three-dimensional (3D) heat and moisture transfer simulations were conducted to analyze the thermal performances of the entire phase change material (PCM) integrated into firefighters' gloves. PCM was broken down into several segments to cover the back and palm of the hand but to avoid finger joints to keep hand functions. Parametric studies were performed to explore the effects of PCM melting temperatures, PCM locations in the glove and PCM layer thicknesses on the overall thermal performance improvement of firefighters' gloves. The study found that PCM segments could extend the time for hand skin surfaces (areas covered or not covered by PCM) to reach second-degree burn injury (60 °C) by 1.5-2 times compared to conventional firefighters' gloves without PCM. Moreover, PCM segments could help mitigate the temperature increase on hand skin and glove surface after fire exposure.

Indexed as

FirefightersGloves, ProtectiveHot TemperatureBurnsEquipment DesignHandHumansMaterials TestingPhase Transition3D heat transfer modeling3D heat transfer simulationsphase change materialstructural firefighters’ glovesthermal protective performance

Identifiers

PMID39629608
PMCPMC11924176

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.