ArticleBMC public health2024
The progress of mother-to-child transmission of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) after Dolutegravir (DTG) optimization program: evidence from a multicenter cohort study in Ethiopia.
Article in BMC public health, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Simulation modeling for the design and evaluation of HIV drug resistance interventions: a systematic review of literature.BMC public health · 2026Pooled it
- HIV positivity rate, mother-to-child transmission and associated factors among HIV exposed infants in Western Ethiopia: a cross-sectional study.BMC pediatrics · 2026Article
- HIV care continuity for women in postconflict Tigray: assessing mother-to-child transmission rates, infant health and cervical cancer screening.BMJ global health · 2026Article
- Infant HIV-protection: Comparing antiretroviral therapy, maternal and infant factors influence on infant HIV acquisition in Uganda: A six-year real-world experience.PLOS global public health · 2026Article
- Gestational and lactational exposure to HIV tri-combination therapy induces sex- and dose-dependent changes in inflammatory cytokine profiles, intestinal permeability, and villi morphology in adult rat offspring.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- HIV vertical transmission linked to virological failure in pregnant women on ART.AIDS research and therapy · 2025Article
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10 authors.
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Abstract
backgroundEthiopia aims to eliminate mother-to-child transmission (MTCT) of HIV by 2030. In 2020, Dolutegravir-based antiretroviral treatment (ART) regimen optimization was done for the Prevention of Mother-to-Child Transmission (PMTCT). However, data tracking progress, particularly post-rollout of the Dolutegravir (DTG)-based regimen, and the real-world effectiveness of the new regimen are unavailable.
methodsA multicenter retrospective cohort study was conducted among HIV-infected mothers and their HIV-exposed infants visiting the selected hospitals for routine care. Eligible participants were HIV-exposed infants enrolled in the PMTCT care from 2017 to 2022. However, only the 2021 and 2022 birth cohorts were considered post-DTG optimization considering 2020 a year of optimization. The cumulative incidence of perinatal MTCT tested at 6-8 weeks of infant age, and end of care MTCT tested at 18 months of age was assessed. The exposures of the study were the infant birth cohort years and the different ART regimens used for PMTCT of HIV.
resultsAmong a total of 2,643 routine care enrolled participants, 2521 (95.4%) HIV-exposed infants were included in the analysis. Of these, 210 were on follow-up and excluded from the breastfeeding MTCT analysis. A total of 30/2521(1.2%) [95% confidence interval (CI): 0.8-1.7%] were positive for HIV at 6-8 weeks. Additionally, 11 /2281 (0.50%) (95% CI: 0.3-0.9%) were positive during breastfeeding. At the end of the care, 41/2311 (1.8%) (95% CI: 1.3-2.4%) infants were HIV-positive. The highest end-of-care MTCT was reported in 2019 and 2022 birth cohorts while the lowest was in 2018 (P-value > 0.3). However, after adjusting for baseline characteristics, the trend showed a decrease in transmission rates following the rollout of DTG-based regimen, although statistical significance was not reached. The adjusted odds ratios (AORs) for perinatal, breastfeeding, and end-of-care transmission rates were 0.34 (95%CI: 0.08-1.39), 0.29(95%CI: 0.03-3.05), and 0.38(95%CI: 0.11-1.26) respectively. Compared with the Efavirenz (EFV)-based regimen, the DTG-based regimen was associated with a lower risk of MTCT in both the perinatal (AOR 0.23, 95% CI: 0.06-0.85) and at the end of care (AOR 0.27, 95% CI: 0.09-0.82). Pregnant women who started ART at late gestation had the highest transmission rate regardless of ART regimens (P-value < 0.001).
conclusionsIn the studied cohort population, we observed less than 3% MTCT rate at the end of PMTCT care. The findings might suggest the achievement of MTCT elimination at the hospital level. Although the DTG-based regimen demonstrated a lower risk of transmission, other contributing factors, such as late ART initiation, should be urgently addressed. Future research should focus on prospective designs, interventions targeting late ART initiation, and understanding regional disparities to further advance efforts to eliminate MTCT by 2030.
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