Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39627619›Full record

ArticleJournal of racial and ethnic health disparities2026

Social Determinants of Health of Racialized Male Sex Workers: Scoping Literature Review.

Sheila Báez-Martínez, Santiago Gallur-Santorum, Pedro Luís Castellanos

Abstract readScoping Review
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Sheila Báez-MartínezSocial Sciences and Humanities Area, Technological Institute of Santo Domingo (INTEC), Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic. sheila.baez@intec.edu.do.ORCID 0000-0001-7386-1723
Santiago Gallur-SantorumINTEC, Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic.ORCID 0000-0001-6287-7340
Pedro Luís CastellanosResearch Unit Health Sciences Area, INTEC, Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic.ORCID 0009-0002-2987-2657

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundThis study is a scoping review that maps existing scientific literature on the health needs of racialized men in sex work, framed within the Social Determinants of Health model.

objectivesThe review aims to identify and analyze health vulnerabilities among this population, focusing on how various social determinants impact their health. ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA: Studies published in the last 5 years, in English or Spanish, open-access, focused on male sex workers, without specific geographic limitations. SOURCES OF EVIDENCE: Systematic searches were conducted in Scopus, Redalyc, Google Scholar, and PubMed. CHARTING

methodsUsing search queries "male sex work" AND health; "male sex work" AND race AND health; "male prostitution" AND race AND health, a total of 2,643 records were retrieved and screened. After applying inclusion and exclusion criteria, 32 studies were selected for review.

resultsAnalysis based on the Dahlgren-Whitehead Social Determinants of Health model reveals that racialized male sex workers experience health vulnerabilities primarily influenced by individual and proximal determinants, with less emphasis on intermediate and distal factors such as social networks and community support.

conclusionsThese findings highlight significant health disparities affecting racialized MSWs, underscoring the need for a structural and comprehensive approach to address these disparities. This study advocates moving beyond a blame-oriented, moralistic view of individual behaviors in traditional epidemiology, focusing instead on social and structural interventions to improve sexual health outcomes for this marginalized group.

Indexed as

Health Status DisparitiesRacial GroupsSex WorkersSocial Determinants of HealthHumansMaleHealth disparitiesHealth vulnerabilitiesRacialized menScoping reviewSex workSocial Determinants of Health

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.