ArticleHeliyon2024
Effect of deep diaphragmatic breathing on pain in patients with metastatic gastrointestinal cancers.
Article in Heliyon, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed.
- Efficacy of guided breathing virtual reality for pain management in patients with cancer undergoing percutaneous transhepatic biliary drainage.Supportive care in cancer : official journal of the Multinational Association of Supportive Care in Cancer · 2026Trial
- The effect of the PechaKucha presentation method on nursing students' deep breathing and coughing exercise skills and their satisfaction with the educational method: a randomized controlled trial.BMC medical education · 2025Trial
- Exploratory randomized pilot study of written diaphragmatic breathing instructions vs. a biofeedback device for upper abdominal pain.Open medicine (Warsaw, Poland) · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Background: Patients with gastrointestinal cancers commonly experience acute and chronic pain. This study aimed to determine the effect of deep diaphragmatic breathing on acute and chronic pain in patients with metastatic gastrointestinal cancers. Methods: This clinical trial was conducted in Kermanshah-Iran in 2022. The sample consisted of 44 patients hospitalized in the oncology ward, who were selected by convenient sampling and randomly allocated into case and control groups. The case group performed diaphragmatic deep breathing intervention for 10 days, twice a day, for 10 min. The subjects completed pain assessment tools before and after the intervention. Data were analyzed using SPSS Version 24. Results: The study included participants with a Mean and Standard Deviation(SD) age of 53.95 ± 10.51 years. The case and control groups were similar in terms of demographic variables. The mean and sd acute pain score before the intervention was 3.50 ± 1.84 in the experimental group and 2.18 ± 1.65 in the control group (p = 0.01). However, after the intervention, the score decreased to 1.72 ± 1.07 in the experimental group and increased to 3.72 ± 1.95 in the control group (p = 0.001). The two groups did not differ significantly in terms of chronic pain before the intervention (p = 0.07). However, after the intervention, the score decreased in the experimental group and increased in the control group, with a significant difference (p = 0.01). Conclusion: The results of this study suggest that deep diaphragmatic breathing reduces pain in patients with gastrointestinal cancer. Including this method as a routine care program for cancer patients is recommended.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.