ArticleClinical psychology & psychotherapy
The Moderating Role of Demoralization on the Association Between Exposure to War and Posttraumatic Stress Symptoms Among Israeli Civilians in Reaction to the October 7 War: A Longitudinal Study.
Article in Clinical psychology & psychotherapy. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Psychiatric outcomes in the first two years after the October 7 attacks: a systematic review of posttraumatic stress, anxiety, depression, and addiction-related outcomes.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2026Pooled it
- A prospective exploration of the association between acute stress disorder and posttraumatic stress disorder in reaction to war: disengaged coping as a moderator.European journal of psychotraumatology · 2026Article
- Demoralization syndrome among women exposed to war: comparing breast cancer survivors and those with no breast cancer history.Frontiers in psychology · 2026Article
- Have Coping Resources and Trust in State Institutions Helped Jews and Arabs to Overcome Stress During the Iron Swords War?European journal of investigation in health, psychology and education · 2025Article
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2 authors.
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Abstract
backgroundDuring wartime, many people experience distress, uncertainty, helplessness and a lack of control. These negative feelings are at the root of demoralization symptoms.
objectivesThe present prospective study examined the impact of exposure to war and demoralization symptoms on PTSS 6 months later.
methodsParticipants were 338 Israeli citizens with indirect war exposure. Participants answered questionnaires on exposure to war, demoralization and PTSS at two time points (4 weeks and 6 months after the onset of the October 7 war).
resultsThe study revealed that higher exposure to war (Time 1) was associated with higher levels of demoralization symptoms (Time 1) and PTSS (Time 2). Moreover, the moderation analysis indicated that the impact of exposure to war on PTSS was significant only for medium (b = 4.279, SE = 1.33, p < 0.001) and high (b = 8.304, SE = 1.88, p < 0.001) levels of demoralization.
conclusionDemoralization symptoms and PTSS are likely to occur during wartime. However, war exposure alone does not explain PTSS; it is contingent on demoralization levels. Demoralization shortly following the outbreak of war appears to be a predictor of PTSS. This finding suggests that screening for demoralization with a brief simple questionnaire might be a useful clinical tool to identify individuals in the short term who may have increased risk of PTSD in the long term.
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