Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39623193›Full record

ArticleSurgery today2025

Significance of the modified global leadership initiative on malnutrition (GLIM) criteria malcondition for patients with biliary tract cancer.

Takamichi Igarashi, Norifumi Harimoto, Ryosuke Fukushima, Kei Hagiwara, Kouki Hoshino, Shunsuke Kawai, Norihiro Ishii, Mariko Tsukagoshi, Kenichiro Araki, Ken Shirabe

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Article in Surgery today, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
7citing papers in PubMed, 3 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

7 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
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  3. Pooled it
  4. Article
  5. Visceral adipose tissue-to-blood pool standardized uptake ratio byInternational journal of clinical oncology · 2026
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Takamichi IgarashiDivision of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of General Surgical Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Gunma University, 3-39-22, Showa-machi, Maebashi, Gunma, 371-8511, Japan.
Norifumi HarimotoDivision of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of General Surgical Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Gunma University, 3-39-22, Showa-machi, Maebashi, Gunma, 371-8511, Japan.
Ryosuke FukushimaDivision of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of General Surgical Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Gunma University, 3-39-22, Showa-machi, Maebashi, Gunma, 371-8511, Japan.
Kei HagiwaraDivision of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of General Surgical Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Gunma University, 3-39-22, Showa-machi, Maebashi, Gunma, 371-8511, Japan.
Kouki HoshinoDivision of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of General Surgical Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Gunma University, 3-39-22, Showa-machi, Maebashi, Gunma, 371-8511, Japan.
Shunsuke KawaiDivision of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of General Surgical Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Gunma University, 3-39-22, Showa-machi, Maebashi, Gunma, 371-8511, Japan.
Norihiro IshiiDivision of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of General Surgical Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Gunma University, 3-39-22, Showa-machi, Maebashi, Gunma, 371-8511, Japan.
Mariko TsukagoshiDivision of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of General Surgical Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Gunma University, 3-39-22, Showa-machi, Maebashi, Gunma, 371-8511, Japan.
Kenichiro ArakiDivision of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of General Surgical Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Gunma University, 3-39-22, Showa-machi, Maebashi, Gunma, 371-8511, Japan. karaki@gunma-u.ac.jp.
Ken ShirabeDivision of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of General Surgical Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Gunma University, 3-39-22, Showa-machi, Maebashi, Gunma, 371-8511, Japan.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

purposeThis study investigated the significance of the Global Leadership Initiative on Malnutrition (GLIM) for patients with resected biliary tract cancers.

methodsThe subjects of this retrospective analysis were 114 patients who underwent radical surgery for cholangiocarcinoma between 2018 and 2023. We analyzed both handgrip force and skeletal muscle area and classified patients as having GLIM malnutrition or modified GLIM malcondition. We also evaluated clinicopathological factors, short-term outcomes, and prognoses.

resultsThe GLIM criteria identified 47 patients (41.2%) with malnutrition and 13 patients (11.4%) with modified GLIM malcondition. Overall survival (P = 0.009) and recurrence-free survival (P = 0.016) were significantly different between the well-nourished and malnourished patients according to the GLIM criteria. Furthermore, modified GLIM criteria malcondition was a significant prognostic factor for both recurrence-free and overall survival (P = 0.002 and P < 0.001, respectively). Multivariate analysis identified a higher carcinoembryonic antigen level and modified GLIM malcondition as predictors of overall and recurrence-free survival. Pathological stage ≥ III was also a predictor of recurrence-free survival. On comparing the prognoses of modified GLIM malcondition and GLIM malnutrition using the Akaike Information Criteria, the modified GLIM malcondition was identified as a stronger prognostic factor.

conclusionA modified GLIM malcondition can be a highly useful prognostic marker for patients with resected biliary tract cancer.

Indexed as

Bile Duct NeoplasmsBiliary Tract NeoplasmsCholangiocarcinomaLeadershipMalnutritionAdultAgedAged, 80 and overCarcinoembryonic AntigenDisease-Free SurvivalFemaleHand StrengthHumansMaleMiddle AgedPrognosisCarcinoembryonic AntigenBiliary tract cancerGLIM criteriaHandgrip forceSkeletal muscle

Identifiers

PMID39623193

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.