Observational studyAnnals of surgical oncology2025
Prognostic Significance of Recurrence and Timing of Recurrence on Survival Among Patients with Early-Stage Hepatocellular Carcinoma in U.S. Clinical Practice.
Observational study in Annals of surgical oncology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed.
- Economic Burden of Recurrence in Early-Stage Hepatocellular Carcinoma Treated with Surgical Resection or Local Ablation in the United States: A Retrospective Analysis of Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results-Medicare Data.Advances in therapy · 2026Article
- Multi-scale deep learning models based on MRI for predicting pathological differentiation and evaluating its association with recurrence-free survival in hepatocellular carcinoma: an explainable machine learning study.Journal of gastrointestinal oncology · 2026Article
- The Impact of Spatiotemporal Patterns of Tumor Recurrence on Prognosis in Hepatocellular Carcinoma Patients Undergoing Surgery After Conversion Therapy.Journal of hepatocellular carcinoma · 2026Article
- Hepatic arterial interventional therapies alone or in combination with molecular targeted therapies and PD-(L)1 inhibitors in locally aggressive, early recurrent hepatocellular carcinoma: a retrospective study.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
10 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundMany patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) experience recurrence after curative-intent resection or ablation, with a poor prognosis. Real-world patterns of recurrence and the prognostic significance of early recurrence in U.S. clinical practice have not been well characterized.
methodsThis retrospective observational study was designed to evaluate the impact of recurrence on overall survival (OS) among patients with HCC following initial curative-intent resection or ablation. We used the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results cancer registry linked with Medicare claims (January 1, 2010-December 31, 2019). Eligible patients (≥66 years) diagnosed with HCC (2010-2017) had liver resection or ablation within 180 days of diagnosis. Patients were stratified by recurrence status using diagnosis- and treatment-based definitions of recurrence. Early or late recurrence was defined as within 1 year or after 1 year, respectively. Adjusted OS analyses used multivariable Cox regression models.
resultsA total of 1,146 patients were included. During a median overall follow-up of 35.2 months, 736 (64%) patients had a recurrence, of whom 380 (52%) had early recurrence (within 1 year). In the adjusted analysis, patients with recurrence had a 2.24-fold higher risk of death (95% confidence interval 1.85, 2.71; P < 0.001). Patients with early recurrence had a 1.39-fold higher risk of death (95% confidence interval 1.14, 1.68; P < 0.001) than those with late recurrence.
conclusionsRecurrence and the timing of recurrence are significant predictors of increased mortality risk for patients with HCC following initial curative-intent resection or ablation, highlighting the need for effective adjuvant therapies that may delay or avoid recurrences.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.