Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39623111›Full record

ArticleEye (London, England)2025

Validation and optimization of smart eye camera as teleophthalmology device for the reduction of preventable and treatable blindness in Nigeria.

Ayodele Jacob Orugun, Mayor Orezime Atima, Ugbede Idakwo, Oyeronke Komolafe, Kehinde Kabir Oladigbolu, Elijah Peter, Halima Olufunmilola Abdulsalam, Emamoke Atima-Ayeni, Emeka John Dingwoke, Rohan Khemlani and 3 more

Erratum issuedAbstract readMulticenter StudyValidation Study
In one paragraph

Article in Eye (London, England), 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 3 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Review
  3. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

13 authors.

Ayodele Jacob OrugunECWA Eye Hospital, Kano, Kano State, Nigeria. ayorugun@yahoo.com.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5489-587X
Mayor Orezime AtimaECWA Eye Hospital, Kano, Kano State, Nigeria.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2314-2338
Ugbede IdakwoECWA Eye Hospital, Kano, Kano State, Nigeria.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9573-483X
Oyeronke KomolafeECWA Eye Hospital, Kano, Kano State, Nigeria.
Kehinde Kabir OladigboluDepartment of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Clinical Sciences, Ahmadu Bello University Teaching Hospital, Zaria, Kaduna State, Nigeria.
Elijah PeterDepartment of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Clinical Sciences, Ahmadu Bello University Teaching Hospital, Zaria, Kaduna State, Nigeria.
Halima Olufunmilola AbdulsalamDepartment of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Clinical Sciences, Ahmadu Bello University Teaching Hospital, Zaria, Kaduna State, Nigeria.
Emamoke Atima-AyeniECWA Eye Hospital, Kano, Kano State, Nigeria.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0003-8886-4240
Emeka John DingwokeUNESCO-International Center for Biotechnology, Nsukka, 410001, Enugu State, Nigeria.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7872-9825
Rohan KhemlaniOUI Inc., Tokyo, Japan.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0003-3506-491X
Shintaro NakayamaOUI Inc., Tokyo, Japan.
Eisuke ShimizuOUI Inc., Tokyo, Japan.
Emmanuel Oluwadare BalogunDepartment of Biochemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Kaduna State, Nigeria. oluwadareus@yahoo.com.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2092-0045

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

BACKGROUND/

objectivesLimited resources and staffing hinders efforts to reduce preventable blindness, especially in low- to middle-income countries. The slit-lamp examination (SLE), which is essential for ophthalmology practices, is often unavailable in primary and secondary eye care facilities due to the high costs and lengthy training required for operation. We conducted a cross-sectional, multicentre study exploring the potential for a smart eye camera (SEC; a tele-ophthalmology handheld device developed by OUI Inc., Japan) to address the limitations of the SLE. SUBJECT/

methodsOcular diagnoses, visual acuity assessments and examinations of the eyes were performed independently using both a conventional SLE and a SEC. Four independent assessors (blind to the study) reviewed the images captured by the SEC and the SLE as administered by separate investigators. All analyses were performed using R version 4.2.2 for macOS at a 5% level of statistical significance.

resultsThe results of the image quality analysis demonstrated that the number of higher-quality images was significantly higher (p < 0.05) for the images captured using the SEC device compared to the SLE machine. Remarkably, up to 96% accuracy of diagnosis was recorded with SEC. Evaluation of diagnostic accuracy rates derived from images obtained from both machines revealed a degree of divergence in assessments among evaluators, yielding a Fleiss's Kappa value of 0.092. The sensitivity analysis for the SEC device revealed a reasonably strong capacity to correctly identify true positive cases, with an average sensitivity score of 90%.

conclusionThe results of this study indicate that SEC can effectively evaluate anterior segment lesions in ophthalmology.

Indexed as

BlindnessDiagnostic Techniques, OphthalmologicalOphthalmologyPhotographySlit Lamp MicroscopyTelemedicineAdultCross-Sectional StudiesFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedNigeriaReproducibility of ResultsVisual Acuity

Identifiers

PMID39623111
PMCPMC11933363

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.