ReviewFrontiers in psychiatry2024
The dopamine hypothesis for ADHD: An evaluation of evidence accumulated from human studies and animal models.
Review in Frontiers in psychiatry, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 61 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
61 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- A systematic review of neuroimaging studies of adults aged 35 and older with clinical, symptomatic and genetic risk for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder.Dialogues in clinical neuroscience · 2026Pooled it
- A review on exploration-exploitation trade-off in psychiatric disorders.BMC psychiatry · 2025Pooled it
- Neurobiological insights into the effects of ultra-processed food on lipid metabolism and associated mental health conditions: a scoping review.Frontiers in nutrition · 2025Pooled it
- Neuromodulatory Gating of Synaptic Plasticity: Mechanisms, Motivation, and Clinical Dysfunction Across Scales.Synapse (New York, N.Y.) · 2026Review
- Incidental and Intentional Object-Location Memory: The Effects of Stimulant Treatment on Adults with ADHD.Behavioral sciences (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Article
- A genetic model for development, physiology and behavior of catecholamine-deficient zebrafish larvae.Communications biology · 2026Article
- Maternal and infant gut microbiome.iMeta · 2026Review
- Gut Microbiome and ADHD: A Narrative Review of Clinical Evidence and Practice Implications.Journal of human nutrition and dietetics : the official journal of the British Dietetic Association · 2026Review
- A Four-Dimensional Model of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder: Toward Improved Recognition of Female ADHD.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Elevated pre-supplementary motor area activity during reward expectancy: An impulsivity-related neural marker of vulnerability to bipolar and externalizing disorders.Molecular psychiatry · 2026Article
- Maternal immune activation in mice recapitulates features of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in susceptible offspring.Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2026Article
- Exploring central sensitization symptoms in children with ADHD and their parents: a case-control study.BMC psychiatry · 2026Article
- Opposing Changes in Cerebellar Dopaminergic Genes Co-Expression Networks in Different Models of Neurodevelopmental Disorders.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder and Risk of Dementia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Brain sciences · 2026Review
- Innovative Nanomaterial-Based Approaches for the Recognition of Amphetamine in Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder Management.Analytical science advances · 2026Review
- The Pupil-Brain System at Rest: Spontaneous Pupil Fluctuations as Markers of Neuromodulatory and Network Dynamics.Psychophysiology · 2026Review
- Reinventing amlodipine.The Journal of pharmacology and experimental therapeutics · 2026Review
- Exploring the Integrated Gut-Brain Metabolic Model for ADHD.Biochemical genetics · 2026Article
- Neurotransmitters in Auditory Processing Disorders and Neurodevelopmental Disorders: A Common Neurobiological Substrate?Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
1 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Multiple lines of evidence indicate that altered dopamine signaling may be involved in neuropsychiatric disorders and common behavioral traits. Here we critically review evidence collected during the past 40-plus years supporting the role of dopamine dysfunction in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). We recapitulate the basic components of dopaminergic signaling in the central nervous system, focusing on core enzymes, transporters and receptors involved in monoaminergic functions, particularly in striatal and cortical regions. We summarize key human brain imaging and genetic studies reporting associations between dopaminergic neurotransmission and behavioral traits, with an emphasis on ADHD. We also consider ADHD in the context of animal models and single gene, metabolic, and neurological disorders with established dysfunction of the dopaminergic system. Examining the evidence in this way leads us to conclude that there is evidence for the involvement of dopamine but limited evidence for a hypo-dopaminergic state
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.