ArticleAddictive behaviors2025
Latent transition analysis of use frequencies for multiple nicotine and tobacco products among US adults.
Article in Addictive behaviors, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed.
- Trends in adult exclusive and dual use of combustible and non-combustible tobacco products in the United States.JNCI cancer spectrum · 2026Article
- Joinpoint trend analysis of prevalence of combustible and non-combustible tobacco product use by adults in the United States, using cross-sectional data from NHIS 2015-2023.Tobacco induced diseases · 2026Article
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Authors and funding
10 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundGiven the many nicotine and tobacco products in use, studies of the interdependence of use patterns and transitions are needed.
methodsUsing Waves 1-4 of the PATH Study, we analyzed latent transitions among adults who ever regularly used nicotine or tobacco products at Wave 1 to identify latent use states (n = 12,358) and estimated one-wave transition probabilities. Multinomial logistic regression identified demographic factors associated with transitions.
resultsWe identified seven latent states: Non-current (42.5% in Wave 1); Daily Cigarette (29.7%); Non-daily Cigarette (9.8%); Daily Cigarette and Non-daily Polytobacco (DCNP, 7.4%), Daily Smokeless Tobacco (SLT, 4.9%); Non-daily Cigar (3.2%); and Daily ENDS (Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems) and Non-daily Cigarette (DENC, 2.4%). Among Daily Cigarette, 93% did not transition, 2.2% transitioned to Non-daily cigarette, 1.7% to DENC, and 2.2% to Non-current. Among DENC, 87.4% did not transition, 7.3% transitioned to Daily Cigarette, and 3.8% to Non-current. Lower income was associated with lower odds of transitioning from Daily Cigarette and DCNP to Non-daily Cigarette and DENC use. Lower education was associated with higher odds of relapse. Non-Hispanic Blacks were more likely than Non-Hispanic Whites to transition from Daily Cigarette to DCNP and less likely to transition to DENC.
conclusionsMost individuals remained in their latent use state. The polytobacco and non-daily use states were most likely to transition. Non-Hispanic Blacks were more likely to make harmful transitions, and lower socioeconomic status was associated with a lower probability of transitioning to less harmful states. These differences in transitions may influence tobacco- and nicotine-related health disparities.
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