Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39616386›Full record

Observational studyNutrition journal2024

Association between 25(OH) vitamin D and multiple sclerosis: cohort, shared genetics, and Causality.

Xing-Hao Yu, Hui-Min Lu, Jun Li, Ming-Zhu Su, Xiao-Min Li, Yi Jin

Abstract readObservational Study
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Observational study in Nutrition journal, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
6citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

6 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Gut-reproduction axis: genome-wide pleiotropic and prospective evidence linking inflammatory bowel disease with gynecological disorders.Inflammation research : official journal of the European Histamine Research Society ... [et al.] · 2026
    Article
  2. Review
  3. Article
  4. Review
  5. Vitamin DFrontiers in immunology · 2026
    Review
  6. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Xing-Hao Yu *The Wujin Clinical College of Xuzhou Medical University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, 213000, China.
Hui-Min Lu *Department of Outpatient and Emergency, First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, China.
Jun LiThe Wujin Clinical College of Xuzhou Medical University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, 213000, China.
Ming-Zhu SuThe Wujin Clinical College of Xuzhou Medical University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, 213000, China.
Xiao-Min LiThe Wujin Clinical College of Xuzhou Medical University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, 213000, China. lixiaomin@wjrmyy.cn.
Yi JinThe Wujin Clinical College of Xuzhou Medical University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, 213000, China. jinyi@wjrmyy.cn.

Funding

Changzhou Municipal Science and Technology Bureau CJ20242012Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology XZSYSKF2023011The Boxi Youth Natural Science Foundation BXQN2023032
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundMultiple Sclerosis (MS), an autoimmune disorder causing demyelination and neurological damage, has been linked to 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25OHD) levels, suggesting its role in immune response and MS onset. This study used GWAS datasets to investigate genetic associations between 25OHD and MS.

methodsWe utilized a large-scale prospective cohort to evaluate serum 25OHD levels and MS risk. Linkage Disequilibrium Score Regression (LDSC) assessed genetic correlations between 25OHD levels and MS. Cross-trait genome-wide pleiotropy analysis revealed shared genetic loci. MAGMA analysis identified pleiotropic genes, enriched tissues, and gene sets. Stratified LDSC estimated tissue-specific and cell-specific heritability enrichment, and multi-trait co-localization analysis identified shared immune cell subsets. Bidirectional Mendelian Randomization (MR) assessed the causal association between 25OHD and MS risk.

resultsThe observational study found a nonlinear relationship between 25OHD levels and MS risk, with the lowest quartile showing significant risk elevation. Our findings revealed shared genetic structure between 25OHD levels and MS, suggesting a common biological pathway involving immune function and CNS integrity. We found 24 independent loci shared between 25OHD levels and MS risk, enriched in brain tissues and involved in pathways like LDL, HDL, and TG metabolism. Four loci (6p24.3, 6p22.2, 12q14.1, and 19p13.2) had strong co-localization evidence, with mapped genes as potential drug targets. Bidirectional MR analysis supported a causal effect of 25OHD levels on MS risk, suggesting 25OHD supplementation could modulate MS risk.

conclusionThis study reveals the complex relationship between 25OHD levels and MS, indicating that higher levels are not always advantageous and recommending moderation in supplementation. We identified SMARCA4 as a potential therapeutic target and detailed key pathways influencing this interaction.

Indexed as

Genome-Wide Association StudyMendelian Randomization AnalysisMultiple SclerosisVitamin DAdultCohort StudiesFemaleGenetic Predisposition to DiseaseHumansLinkage DisequilibriumMaleMiddle AgedPolymorphism, Single NucleotideProspective Studies25-hydroxyvitamin DVitamin DGenetic overlapGenome-wide association studyMendelian randomizationMultiple sclerosisVitamin D

Identifiers

PMID39616386
PMCPMC11608472

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.