ReviewPerioperative medicine (London, England)2024
Preoperative cognitive training for the prevention of postoperative delirium and cognitive dysfunction: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Review in Perioperative medicine (London, England), 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed.
- Promoting brain health in older surgical patients: A pre-post evaluation of an educational module.Journal of anesthesia and translational medicine · 2026Article
- Cognitive dysfunction after cardiac surgery: A systematic review and meta-analysis on the mini-mental state examination findings.Biomedical reports · 2026Article
- Article
- Shared molecular mechanisms between colorectal cancer and cardiovascular disease drive perioperative neurological vulnerability.Frontiers in genetics · 2026Article
- Brain Microstructural Alteration and Its Implications for Postoperative Delirium in Elderly Surgical Patients: A Narrative Review.Brain and behavior · 2025Review
- Preoperative Anesthesia Assessment in Elderly Patients: Challenges and Opportunities for Safer Perioperative Care.Cureus · 2025Review
- Older Patients' Postoperative Neurocognitive Recovery: A Narrative Review.Clinical interventions in aging · 2025Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundPostoperative delirium (POD) and postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) are associated with major morbidity and mortality after surgery. This systematic review and meta-analysis determined whether preoperative cognitive training could reduce POD and POCD in patients undergoing elective surgery.
methodsEligible randomized controlled trials were identified from CENTRAL, MEDLINE, EMBASE, Scopus, Web of Science, and CINAHL databases from inception to April 30, 2024. Two independent reviewers extracted data on trial characteristics and risk of bias for each trial. We rated the quality of reporting of cognitive training interventions using the template for intervention description and replication (TIDieR) and evaluated the overall certainty (quality) of evidence using The Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) system. Random-effects models were used to summarize the treatment effect of cognitive training. Post hoc trial sequential analyses (TSA) were performed for POD and POCD to differentiate between "no evidence of effect" and "evidence of no effect."
resultsSeven trials (four high risk and three unclear risk of bias) involving 864 participants (mean or median age between 66 and 73 years old) were considered eligible and subject to meta-analysis. The quality of reporting cognitive training interventions was fair to moderate. Most cognitive prehabilitation programs were home-based, unsupervised, computerized interventions requiring 2.3-10 h over 1-4 weeks before surgery. Cognitive prehabilitation did not reduce POD (risk ratio [RR] 0.82, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.57-1.18; I
conclusionsCurrent evidence is insufficient to determine the beneficial effect of preoperative cognitive training on POD or POCD. Given the well-established benefits of long-term cognitive training on cognition in the elderly, the design of future cognitive prehabilitation trials should be adequately powered and incorporated with strategies to improve patient compliance.
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