Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39612100›Full record

ArticleEndocrine2025

Racial and ethnic disparities in the risk of second primary malignancies in differentiated thyroid cancer patients: a population-based study.

Xingling Guo, Liang He, Haifeng Xu, Renjie Chen, Zhenyu Wu, Yulong Wang, Ying Wu

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In one paragraph

Article in Endocrine, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

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3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

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4 · The record

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PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Xingling Guo *School of Public Health, Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety and Collaborative Innovation Center of Social Risks Governance in Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.
Liang He *Disease Control and Prevention Center of Zhuji, Shaoxing, 311800, Zhejiang, China.
Haifeng XuDepartment of Chronic Disease Prevention and Control, Shanghai Municipal Fengxian District Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai, 201400, China.
Renjie ChenSchool of Public Health, Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety and Collaborative Innovation Center of Social Risks Governance in Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.
Zhenyu WuSchool of Public Health, Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety and Collaborative Innovation Center of Social Risks Governance in Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China. zyw@fudan.edu.cn.
Yulong WangDepartment of Head and Neck Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, 200032, China. yulongwang@fudan.edu.cn.
Ying WuDepartment of Biostatistics, Sounthern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China. wuying19890321@gmail.com.

Funding

National Nature Science Foundation of China 82173613Scientific Project of Shanghai Municipal Health Commission 202140018
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundThere is limited evidence on the risks of second primary malignancies (SPMs) among patients with differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC), particularly in relation to racial disparities. We aim to examine racial and ethnic disparities in the risk and temporal patterns of SPMs among DTC survivors in the U.S.

methodsThis retrospective cohort study, grounded in population-based data from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) program, focused on DTC patients diagnosed between 2004 and 2015. Standardized incidence ratios (SIR) and 95% confidence intervals were employed to estimate high-risk sites for SPMs among different races. The competing risks model was applied to assess SPM risks and risk factors across racial groups, with mediation analysis conducted for selected variables.

resultsAmong 90,186 DTC patients, 8.3% developed SPMs. DTC survivors face a 15% higher risk of developing SPMs compared to the general population. Blacks demonstrated a significantly lower risk of SPMs, while other ethnic groups faced higher risks than Whites. Specific SPM risk factors for Whites, Blacks, and other ethnicities were receiving radiotherapy, diagnosis at a distant stage, and tumors exceeding 40 mm, respectively. Specifically, Blacks and other ethnic groups primarily encounter SPMs in the salivary glands, soft tissues, hematologic, and urinary systems, often earlier than in Whites. Conversely, Whites had a broader distribution of risk sites, with a notable risk for other endocrine tumors, manifesting 48-87 months post-diagnosis.

conclusionsDTC patients show significant racial and ethnic disparities in high-risk sites, temporal patterns, SPM risks and risk factors. Personalized follow-up for diverse ethnic backgrounds can ameliorate disparities, enhancing SPM risk and survival outcomes.

Indexed as

Health Status DisparitiesNeoplasms, Second PrimaryRacial GroupsThyroid NeoplasmsAdultAgedEthnicityFemaleHumansIncidenceMaleMiddle AgedRetrospective StudiesRisk FactorsSEER ProgramUnited StatesCompeting-risk modelDifferentiated thyroid cancerRacial and ethnic disparitySecond primary malignancyStandardized incidence ratios

Identifiers

PMID39612100

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.