Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39612066›Full record

ArticleJournal of autism and developmental disorders2026

Experiences of Affiliate Stigma and Depressive Symptoms in Caregivers of Autistic Children: The Moderating Effect of Social Support.

Kayla Gordon, Melissa Susko, Laura de la Roche, Elizabeth Kelley

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Article in Journal of autism and developmental disorders, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

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Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Kayla GordonDepartment of Psychology, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, K7L3N6, Canada.
Melissa SuskoDepartment of Psychology, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, K7L3N6, Canada.
Laura de la RocheDepartment of Psychology, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, K7L3N6, Canada.
Elizabeth KelleyDepartment of Psychology, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, K7L3N6, Canada. kelleyb@queensu.ca.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7742-6542

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Caregivers with an autistic child often experience stigma, which can lead to detrimental mental health consequences. Affiliate stigma is the internalization of, and psychological responses to, stigma experienced due to an individual's association with a person who is stigmatized. Social support has been shown to mediate the relationship between affiliate stigma and depression in caregivers of special needs children. However, research on social support as a moderator of this relationship in autistic children has not been completed. We examined the associations between affiliate stigma, social support, and depression as well as the moderating role of social support. Using online questionnaires, 110 caregivers of autistic children reported their child's autistic traits, affiliate stigma, perceived social support and depressive symptoms. A moderated regression was run to determine if social support significantly impacted the association between affiliate stigma and depression. Affiliate stigma was positively associated with depressive symptoms and social support was negatively associated with depressive symptoms. The moderating effect of social support on the relationship between affiliate stigma and depressive symptoms was not significant. Upon separating the social support variable into family, significant other, and friend subgroups, no additional significant moderators were found. This is one of the first studies to investigate affiliate stigma in North America and demonstrates that affiliate stigma is not only experienced by parents of autistic children but is significantly associated with depression. Clinicians working with these parents might focus on overcoming affiliate stigma to potentially ameliorate their client's depression.

Indexed as

Autistic DisorderCaregiversDepressionSocial StigmaSocial SupportAdolescentAdultChildChild, PreschoolFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedSurveys and QuestionnairesAffiliate stigmaAutismCaregiversDepressive symptomsSocial support

Identifiers

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.