ArticleSurgical and radiologic anatomy : SRA2024
Middle cerebral artery fenestration with a contralateral early branching investigated through magnetic resonance angiography: an embryological view on an incidental finding.
Article in Surgical and radiologic anatomy : SRA, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.
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Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed.
- Internal carotid artery-middle cerebral artery junction small arterial ring: A report of two cases diagnosed by magnetic resonance angiography.Radiology case reports · 2026Article
- Semicircular fenestration of the mid M1 segment of the middle cerebral artery diagnosed by magnetic resonance angiography.Surgical and radiologic anatomy : SRA · 2025Article
- Intracranial vessel wall lesions on MRI: anatomical and pathological issues.Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology · 2025Review
- Innovation and development of stent retrievers in acute ischemic stroke.Frontiers of medicine · 2025Review
- Neuroimaging of middle cerebral artery anomalies: a report of three cases.Child's nervous system : ChNS : official journal of the International Society for Pediatric Neurosurgery · 2025Review
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Abstract
purposeMiddle cerebral artery (MCA) anomalies are a small group of congenital variants, including fenestration, duplication and Twig-like MCA. Some other variants, i.e. in the branching pattern, have been described independently from the previous ones, but their association might raise an embryological reasoning.
methodsWe are presenting an incidental finding in a patient undergoing brain Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) and Angiography (MRA) for episodic headache, i.e. right MCA fenestration and left MCA very early branching. The patient was investigated only by MRA, being the finding incidental and non-pathological. Among the intracranial arteries, MCA has a lower rate of fenestrations and several embryological hypotheses have been proposed, different from the presumed mechanisms underlying vertebral and basilar artery fenestrations. Both fenestration and early branching in MCA in our case might resemble to a partial MCA duplication with proximal and distal fusion in the first and only a proximal fusion in the second one. The pattern of distribution of the early branches in the left MCA territory may support this view, together with the lenticulostriate perforating arteries origin.
conclusionsThe association of several MCA anomalies, as fenestration and early branching, might have a common genesis within the same embryological period.
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