Building capacity for maternal, newborn and child health research in low-income country settings: A research fellowship experience in Ethiopia.

Background: There is a need to build research capacity to improve maternal, newborn, and child health (MNCH) in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). To address this gap, we co-designed the HaSET (meaning 'happiness' in Amharic) MNCH Research Fellowship programme for academics and policymakers in collaboration with the Ministry of Health (MOH) and academic institutions in Ethiopia. Methods: Based on interviews and focus group discussions regarding a landscape analysis of the MNCH research environment, we developed an innovative 'learning by doing' model in which fellows identified research questions, developed proposals, obtained institutional review board (IRB) approvals, conducted research, analysed data, disseminated their findings, and developed policy briefs. Postdoctoral fellows were paired with policymakers and health professionals at the MoH to facilitate the translation of research findings into policy and programmes. Each pair received mentorship from a member of the HaSET's scientific advisory group (SAG) who had expertise in research methods, data analysis, dissemination, and translation of evidence into policy. Results: The HaSET MNCH Research Fellowship curriculum included 10 modules covering topics from biostatistics to study operations and professional development. From March 2021 to July 2023, five postdoctoral fellows from local universities and four policymakers from the MoH and government research institutes underwent the HaSET programme, where they learned to gather high-quality evidence on priority research questions and guide the implementation of national policies and programmes. Leveraging existing data, the fellows produced 15 manuscripts and 11 policy briefs. The programme established a functional research link between the MoH, regional health bureaus, and local universities, while utilising the SAG's expertise in mentorship. Conclusions: This robust and comprehensive HaSET MNCH Research Fellowship produced the first cohort of dedicated fellows trained in evidence-based medicine and mentored them to become effective public health professionals. They conducted high-quality studies to inform policy decisions on MNCH interventions in Ethiopia. Given its sustainability and scalability, researchers and academic institutions can further adapt the fellowship curriculum within capacity-building programmes to educate the next generation of research leaders in LMICs.