Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39610915›Full record

ArticleMedical research archives2024

Addictive Behavior and Evolutionary Adaptation: Mitigated through Genetic Addiction Risk Severity Early Identification and Awareness Integration Theory.

Foojan Zeine, Nicole Jafari, Eileen Manoukian, Kenneth Blum

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Medical research archives, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Foojan ZeineAwareness Integration Institute, San Clemente, CA. 92672, USA.
Nicole JafariDepartment of Applied Clinical Psychology, The Chicago School of Professional Psychology, Los Angeles, CA., 90017, USA.
Eileen ManoukianGemEducare, Tarzana, CA. 91356, USA.
Kenneth BlumDepartment of Psychiatry, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT., 05405, USA.

Funding

Prenatal Tobacco and Cannabis Exposure: A Translational StudyR33DA045640 · NIDA · STATE UNIVERSITY OF NEW YORK AT BUFFALO · PI EIDEN, RINA D, THANOS, PANAYOTIS K · 2021 to 2023
$999k
Prenatal Tobacco and Cannabis Exposure: A Translational StudyR21DA045640 · NIDA · STATE UNIVERSITY OF NEW YORK AT BUFFALO · PI EIDEN, RINA D, THANOS, PANAYOTIS K · 2018 to 2019
$434k
A Systematic Medical Approach to Reward Transformation (SMART) for Brain Health in Opioid Use DisorderR41MD012318 · NIMHD · VERSA INTEGRATED SOLUTIONS, INC. · PI BLUM, KENNETH, GONDRE-LEWIS, MARJORIE C · 2017 to 2017
$221k
Dopamine neurotransmission in Gulf War Veteran's IllnessI01CX002099 · VA · SOUTH TEXAS VETERANS HEALTH CARE SYSTEM · PI BADGAIYAN, RAJENDRA D · 2021 to 2021
–
CSRD VA I01 CX002099NIDA NIH HHS R21 DA045640NIDA NIH HHS R33 DA045640NIMHD NIH HHS R41 MD012318
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Objectives: Humans, with their unique genetic profile, exhibit a greater propensity to develop and maintain addiction compared to other animals. This paper offers a detailed examination of addiction, co-occurring traits, and psychologic disorders, focusing on neurobiological and molecular aspects. Furthermore, the authors investigate the potential of the Awareness Integration Theoretical model as an effective therapeutic addiction treatment. Methods: Using PsychINFO, PubMed, and Google Scholar, a comprehensive literature review was conducted on the evolutionary and adaptation pathways to addiction, epigenetic factors, and the potentiality of Awareness Integration Theory in treating addiction. Results: Epigenetics allows environmental factors to create lasting and heritable phenotypic changes, enabling rapid adaptation to these stimuli. Addiction "high-jacks" this system and the neurochemical mechanisms that control flexibility and innovation and is, thus, the price we pay for adaptability. Drug addiction is thought of as an adjunctive behavior or a subordinate behavior catalyzed by more profound, more significant psychological and biological stimuli. Conclusions: The neurochemical mechanisms underlying addiction, a complex interplay of genetic and environmental factors, are intertwined with the hallmark features of the human species, such as behavioral flexibility and pre-addictive propensity. The dopaminergic system, a key player in addiction, serves as a crucial link between addiction and the shared genetic profile evident in co-occurring traits and psychiatric and psychological disorders. Furthermore, a hypofunctioning dopaminergic system is a common characteristic of addiction and co-occurring psychiatric and psychological disorders. Early childhood preventative measures are vital in re-directing the existing predictive and poor adaptability functioning, which refers to the individual's inability to adapt to changing circumstances and reliance on maladaptive coping strategies. Awareness Integration Theory's approach encompasses a therapeutical model addressing individuals' physical, cognitive, and psychosocial domains, allowing the individual to address intergenerational and ancestral ineffective and harmful adaptability. This, in turn, AIT will allow the human genome to be on a healthier path to recovery from obstacles such as addiction. When a tendency or a characteristic improves your ability to function and survive, and especially your ability to produce and raise children, that will most likely break the cycle of addiction and addictive behavior.

Identifiers

PMID39610915
PMCPMC11600381

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.