Observational studyJournal of primary care & community health
Vaccine Hesitancy Affecting Pneumococcal Vaccine Refusal in Older Adults with Morbidities.
Observational study in Journal of primary care & community health. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed.
- Changes in 23-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccination rate and associated factors in 2022 and 2024 among community-based older adults in Shanghai, China.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2026Article
- Factors associated with pneumococcal vaccine hesitancy and interventions to improve vaccine uptake in older adults: A narrative review using an established conceptual framework.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2026Review
- Understanding pneumococcal vaccine perceptions in seven countries: Findings from a cross-sectional survey.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2026Article
- Factors associated with willingness to accept pneumococcal vaccine based on the Health Belief Model among the elderly (≥60 years) living in Klang Valley, Malaysia.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
introductionPneumonia is a leading cause of mortality worldwide, with Streptococcus pneumoniae being the most common cause. Older adults are particularly at risk. However, vaccination rates in Thailand remain low.
objectiveThis study aims to examine the prevalence of vaccine refusal and its association with factors outlined in the 5C model (Confidence, Complacency, Constraints, Calculation, and Collective Responsibility) among older patients with morbidities.
settingStudy was conducted at outpatient clinic of the Department of Family Medicine, Chiang Mai University.
methodsAn observational cross-sectional study. The data was collected via a self-administered questionnaire including demographic data, questionnaire in 5C model, and intention to received pneumococcal vaccine. Comparison of characteristic between vaccine refuser and non-refuser was performed by using Chi-square or a
resultsFrom a total of 150 participants, the mean age was 69.8 ± 5.6 years old. Most of the patients were female (60.7%). The study found that 18% of the participants refused the pneumococcal vaccine. After adjusted for the confounders, the lower collective responsibility and confidence were significantly associated with vaccine refusal (Odds ratio 0.22 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.06-0.74,
conclusionStrategies to enhance confidence and address complacency about vaccines are essential for improving pneumococcal vaccination coverage. This insight can be used as a guideline and policies can be formulated which are aimed at reducing pneumococcal vaccine refusal in the older adults by enhancing communication about the benefits, efficacy, and risks of vaccines.
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